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Chapter 12 (Circulation of blood (14 Steps): (Superior and inferior vena…

- - - - Thyrorine: increase force (thyroid)
      - Glucagon: increase force (pancreas)
- - - - smaller than skeletal muscle cells
      - contain single centrally located nucleus
      - contains: myofibrils and contraction involves shortening
      - have many mitochondria
      - come together at intercalated discs
        
        interlocking membranes of adjacent cells held together by desmosomes
        
        desmosomes help to pull together muscles during a contraction
- - - - Systole: phase of contraction
      - Diastole: phase of relaxation
- - - - opening of Ca++ channels
    - - opening of Na+ channels
  - - - Pacemaker
    - - located in interatrial septum
    - - only electrical connection between the atria and ventricles
    - - lead downward through interventricular septum towards apex
    - - conduction myofibers/ cause ventricles to contract
- - - - represents atrial depolarization
    - - represents ventricular repolarization
    - - represents ventricular depolarization