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Skeletal system/tissues, joints and skeletal muscle (Skeletal…

- - - - organic bone(35%)
        
        osteocytes, extracellular matrix, collagen fibers
      - inorganic bone(65%)
        
        minerals, gives bones hardness
    - - fibrocartilage
        
        resist pulling tension
        
        meniscus of knees, intervertebral discs
      - hyaline cartilage
        
        Flexible/ Resilient
        
        larynx
      - elastic cartilage
        
        bending, collagen fibers
        
        ear, epiglottis
      - articular cartilage
        
        covers end of most bones and moveable joints
      - costal cartilage
        
        connects ribs to sternum
  - - - external layer
        
        perforating canal, osteon, periosteum
    - - internal layer
        
        osteogenic, trabeculae, in red bone marrow, endosteum
  - - - gelation, soft tissue, platelets and white blood cells
        
        blood cell formation
        
        decreases with age
    - - adipose connective tissue
        
        nutrients and energy storage
        
        increases with age
  - - - in periosteum and endosteum
    - - blasts out extracellular matrix, ground substance and fibers
    - - maintain healthy bone
    - - break down bone, resorption
- - - - joint held together by short interconnecting fibers
        
        skull
        
        no movement
    - - joint is held together by a ligament
        
        fibula, tibia
        
        little movement
    - - peg in socket joint
        
        socket of alveolar process
        
        no movement
  - - - bones united by hyaline cartilage
        
        epiphyseal plate, sternum
    - - bones united by fibrocartilage
        
        pubic symphysis, body of vertebra
    - - most moveable joints in the body
  - - - nonaxial movement
        
        flat articular surfaces, gliding
        
        intercarpal and intertarsal joints; joints between vertebral articulated surfaces
    - - uniaxial movement
        
        flexion and extension
        
        elbow joints
    - - uniaxial movement
        
        rotation
        
        proximal radioulnar joints, atlantoaxial joint
    - - biaxial movement
        
        adduction and abduction. flexion and extension
        
        knuckle joints, wrist joints; metacarpophalangeal joints
    - - biaxial movement
        
        flexion and extension, adduction and abduction
        
        carpometacarpal joints of thumbs
    - - multiaxial movement
        
        flexion and extension, adduction and abduction, rotation
        
        shoulder, hip joints
- - - - create force/tension by pulling on attachment points
        
        actin protein, myosm protein
    - - respond to stimulus and produce an electrical signal
    - - ability to stretch within a limit without causing damage
    - - ability to return to original shape after contraction extension
  - - - mostly reticular fibers, within a fascicle, fine sheath of loose connective tissue
    - - around the muscle, dense irregular connective tissue
    - - around the muscle organ, dense irregular connective tissue
  - - - skin invaginates, creates an opening into the cell T tubule, muscle membrane
    - - wrap around myofibrils, conduct each impulse to the deepest region of muscle fiber
    - - terminal eisterns, storage place for calcium
    - - contractile fibers, take the most space in muscle cells
    - - supply energy for muscle contraction, need a lot of energy that's why there is so many in muscles