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Skeletal System (Skeletal system/tissues (Long bone (Epiphyses (proximal…

- - - - Organic (35%)
        
        C.T.= cells & ECM (collagen)
      - Inorganic (65%)
        
        Mineral
    - - Bone to muscle
    - - Bone to bone
    - - Joints
    - - Hyaline
      - Elastic
      - Fibrocartilage
  - - - Ends
    - - Shaft
    - - Outer part of bone
    - - Inner part of bone
    - - Outer C.T.
    - - C.T. lining medullary cavity
    - - Yellow marrow
    - - At joint surfaces
  - - - Stem cells; develop into osteoblasts
    - - Create ECM; become osteocytes
    - - Maintain bone
    - - Bone resorption
- - - - Sutures
        
        Location: skull
        
        Movement: none
      - Syndesmosis
        
        Bundles of dense regular C.T.
        
        Location: Distal tibiofibular joint, ankle (carpals)
        
        Movement: slight movement
      - Gomphosis
        
        Location: periodontal ligaments (tooth meets alveolus)
        
        Movement: none
  - - - Synchondrosis
        
        Location: between 1st rib & manubrium, epiphyseal plate
        
        Movement: none
      - Symphysis
        
        Location: pubic symphysis, intervertebral joints
        
        Movement: slight movement
  - - - Outer layer: dense irregular C.T. (continuous w/ periosteum)
      - Inner layer: areolar C.T. (synovial membrane)
      - Joint cavity filled with synovial fluid
    - - Slippery/lubricating
      - Reduces shock/cushioning
      - Nourishes articular cartilage
  - - - Movement: gliding
      - Examples: intercarpal joints, intertarsal joints, between vertebrae
    - - Movement: flexion & extension
      - Examples: elbow joints, interphalangeal joints
    - - Movement: rotation
      - Examples: proximal radioulnar joints, atlantoaxial joint
    - - Movements: flexion & extension; adduction & abduction
      - Examples: metacarpophalangeal joints, wrist joints
    - - Movements: adduction & abduction; flexion & extension
      - Example: carpometacarpal joints of thumbs
    - - Movements: flexion & extension; adduction & abduction; rotation
      - Examples: shoulder joints, hip joints
- - - - Where: around each muscle cell (fiber)
      - Composition: mostly reticular fibers; loose connective tissue; blood vessels within
    - - Where: around each muscle fascicle (many fibers)
      - Composition: D.I.C.T.
    - - Where: around each muscle organ (many fascicles)
      - Composition: D.I.C.T.
    - - Where: around several muscles that often work together
      - Composition: D.I.C.T.
  - - - Plasma membrane of muscle cell (fiber)
    - - Very fine contractile fibers
    - - Many in each fiber; energy source
    - - Extensions of sarcolemma, penetrate into center of cell (fiber); conduct impulses
    - - Smooth E.R. of cell (fiber); make product
      - Terminal Sisterns
        
        Enlarged areas of sarcoplasmic reticulum surroundingT tubules; store calcium