Chapter 4 Coggle
Kahoot 4-4 Chapter Quiz
4.5 Tissue Epithelial Membranes
CONNECTIVE TISSUE- are the most diverse tissues of the body.
Connective tissue proper- consits of many types of cells and fibers within a matrix containing a syrupy ground substance. Examples are the tissue that underlies the skin,fatty tissue, and tendons, and tendons, and ligaments.
Fluid connective tissues- have a distinctive population of cells suspended in a matrix of watery ground substance containing dissolved proteins. The two fluid connective tissues are blood and lymph.
Supporting connective tissues- have a less diverse cell population that connective tissue proper, and a matrix of dense ground substance and closely packed fibers. The body contains two supporting connective tissues: cartilage and bone. The fibrous matrix of bones is said to calcified because it contains mineral deposits(primarily calcium salts) that give the bone strength and rigidity.
Cells of connective tissue proper- fibroblasts,fibrocytes,macrophages,fat cells or adipocytes, and mast cells.
connective tissue fibers are- collagen,elastic,a reticular fibers.
cutaneous membrane-skin, consists of keratinized stratified squamous et firmly attached to a thick layer of dense irregular CT
synovial membranes- joints(articulations) that allow free movement are surrounded by a fibrous capsule and lined by a synovial membrane. Consists primarily of loose connective tissue and an incomplete layer of epithelial tissue. ends of bones covered in hyaline cartilage. and separated by a viscous synovial fluid produced by fibroblast
mucous membrane-line body cavities that open the outside
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A lymph node contains large amounts of .... reticular fibers
the fiber type that can be stretched is called elastin
chondrocytes are to cartilage as adipocytes are to fat
the most common type of cartilage is hyaline
cells that release histamine and heparin are mast cells
the immune surveillance of connective tissue is provided by macrophages
which of the following is the strongest type of cartilage? fibrous cartilage
types of connective tissue include bone,elastic connective, and blood
why does damaged cartilage heal slowly? cartilage is avascular,so nutrients and other molecules must diffuse ti the site of the injury.
connective tissue structures that attach muscles to bone are called tendons
this type of tissue typically makes up the internal framework of organs such as the spleen. reticular
skeletal muscle is to muscle tissue as bone is to.............. connective tissue
which of the following is the type of connective tissue? Bone tissue
Four types of membrane
serous membrane- are found closed in ventral body cavities.... visceral membrane surrounds the organs.... parietal membrane lines the body cavity........ secrete a thin watery fluid called serous fluid into the cavity between the membranes. pleura cavity=lungs..... pericardial cavity=heart....... peritoneal cavity=abdominal organs
4.6 Muscle tissue
Skeletal muscle tissue- structure: long thin cells(fibers) with many nuclei;alternating areas of light and dark(striations) location; attached to bones function:move bones of skeleton control:voluntary=conscious
Cardiac Muscle Tissue- Structure:network of cells with one centrally located nucleus; intercalated discs(where 2 cells meet); striations location: heart function: to pump blood from heart----lungs
to pump blood from heart-----body
control: involuntary=unconscious
Smooth Muscle Tissue- Structure: spindle-shaped cells with one centrally located nucleus; no striations
Location: walls of hollow visceral organs
walls of blood vessels
attached to hair follicles in the dermis
Function: movement of food through digestive tract; vasoconstriction
Control:involuntary=unconscious
4.7 Nervous Tissue
Primary cells=neurons which respond to changes in their surroundings(stimuli)
cell body;containing a large nucleus
dendrites: numerous branching projections
axon:tail
neurons are surrounded by neuroglia (supporting cells)
locations: brain and spinal cord(CNS- Central Nervous System) Nerves(PNS- Peripheral Nervous System)
Function: 1. Coordination or integration of body parts( to transmit signals from body parts to brain and from brain back to body parts) No reproduction of neurons,only neuroglia can divide.
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regeneration-fibroblast produce a dense network of collagen fibers(scar tissue)
4.8 Tissue Injury-
Mast cells release histamine and heparin swelling warmth,redness,pain