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Abdominal injury (Management (Initial (ABCDE) (Circulation CRT, BP, HR,…

- - - - Focused Assessment with
        Sonography for Trauma (FAST)
        Rapid, reproducible, non invasive
        Evaluates free peritoneal or pericardial fluid (assume blood)
        4 windows (per-hepatic, peri-splenic, pelvic and pericardic)
        Detects >100-250mL
        Use as a quick screen pre-CT or patients too unstable for CT
        Also use in pregnancy for fetal viability, abruption, uterine rupture
      - CT chest-abdo-pelvis
        See extent of injuries
        Quantify injuries (minor/major organ lacerations etc.)
      - Erect CXR
        Gas under diaphragm
      - Supine AXR
        Bullet fragments etc. if penetrating
    - - Urine
        ?haematuria (bladder/urethra
        or other solid organ injury)
      - Peritoneal lavage
        Indication: CT/USS not available; not often used
        MOA: incision into peritoneum, aspirate fluid
        Interpretation: +ve if >5mL free blood/ food debris/
        enteric contents, high RBC/WCC count