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Leaves (Morphology and Anatomy of other leaf types. (Succulent leaves (…
Leaves
Morphology and Anatomy of other leaf types.
Succulent leaves ( they are thick and fleshy, cylindrical or spherical in shape ex, Agave).
Sclerophyllous Foliage Leaves ( tends to be soft, flexible and edible, examples barberry, holly).
Leaves of Conifers ( leaves are sclerophylls, thick cuticle, simple leaves, needle shaped)
Bud scales
Spines
Tendrils
Leaves with Kranz Anatomy ( occurs in plants that have a special metabolism called C4 photosynthesis).
Insect Traps ( pitcher leaves is passive trap anad leaves of sundew is active trap).
External structure of Foliage Leaves
It's main function is Photosynthesis.
Leaf blade, also called Lamina.
Dorsal surface
Ventral surface
Simple leaf (has a blade of just one part).
Compound leaf ( has a blade divided into several individual parts).
Petiole ( It holds the blade out into the light and prevents shading of leaf blades).
Veins ( bundles of vascular tissues).
Reticulate venation (netted pattern).
Occurs in basal angiosperms and eudicots.
Parallel venation ( runs side by side with few obvious interconnections)
occurs in monocot plants
Internal structure of Foliage leaves.
Epidermis
It helps in transpiration which is the loss of water.
Mesophyll ( These are ground tissues interior to the leaf epidermis).
Contains Palisade parenchyma, a photosynthetic tissue in upper portion.
Lower portion contains spongy mesophyll with open, loose arenchyma which permits diffusion of carbondioxide.
Vascular tissues ( These are between palisade parenchyma and spongy mesophyll.
Mid rib
lateral veins
minor veins ( helps in releasing water from xylem and loading sugar into phloem)
Many fibers arranged in a sheath, called bundle sheath.
Initiation and development of leaves.
Basal Angiosperms and eudicots
Their leaves are produced only through the activity of a shoot apical meristem.
For example, mango, peanut, peas etc.
Monocots
Leaves are initiated by the expansion of some shoot apical meristem cells to form a leaf primordium.
For example, rice , wheat, maize etc.
