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IPCC (Present report by IPCC (TWO MAIN STRATEGIES OF IPCC REPORT (The…
IPCC
Present report by IPCC
If the average global temperature rises by more than one degree from the present, India could annually expect conditions like the 2015 heat wave. 2015 heat wave killed at least 3,000.
This was convened in Incheon, South Korea.
At the current levels, the 1.5 degree mark will reach by 2040
For capping the rise in temperature to 1.50C, it requires rapid and far-reaching transitions in land, energy, industry, buildings, transport and cities.
The global net human-caused emissions of CO2 would need to fall by about 45% from 2010 levels by 2030, reaching ‘net zero’ around 2050.
This means any remaining emissions would need to be balanced by removing CO2 from the air.
Hence, by allowing the global temperature to temporarily exceed 1.50C target, a lot more needs to be done which include removing CO2 from the air, if the aim is to return back to the scenario of the global temperature to below 1.50C by 2100.
One such technique is, carbon capture and storage.
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About it
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The Panel, made up of representatives of the member states, meets in Plenary Sessions to take major decisions.
The IPCC Bureau, elected by member governments, provides guidance to the Panel.
IPCC assessments are written by hundreds of leading scientists, who volunteer their time and expertise as Coordinating Lead Authors.
They enlist hundreds of other experts as Contributing Authors to provide complementary expertise in specific areas.
The assessments are policy-relevant but not policy-prescriptive and they provide scientific basis for Governments and basis for discussions at UNFCCC.
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Contentious issues
How to share the remaining carbon budget? That means, the room available in the atmosphere to safely contain more CO2, how to share among different countries?
Contributions from US and other rich countries to Green Climate Fund and other funding mechanisms for the purpose of mitigation and adaptation.
What about technology transfer?
There are growing disputes between rich countries, emerging countries and least developed countries and under these circumstances, how to look at capacity building?
Statesmanship is to be shown by the countries when they meet in the Poland for the next Conference of the Parties to iron out the above mentioned issues.
Previous reports
Researchers from the University of East Anglia, UK reported that, limiting global warming to 1.50C could prevent around 3.3 million cases of dengue every year in Latin America and the Caribbean alone.
A World Bank report on Climate Change and Health in November, 2015 said that, an additional 150 million people could be at risk from malaria, if the temperature allowed to increase beyond 20C.
More than 90% of the World’s population could see the economic damage as a result of climate change being reduced in the 1.50C scenario, as per the study in Nature.
It also says, the World could be 3% wealthier by 2100 in 1.50C scenario compared to 20C scenario.
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Impact on India
Coastal nations and agricultural economies like India would be worst affected.
Decline in crop yields, unprecedented climate extremes and increased susceptibility could push poverty by several million by 2050.
Even at a little over 10C, India is being battered by the worst climate extremes, the situation at 1.50C is going to worsen.
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Tipping point
The danger of crossing the tipping points or thresholds, beyond which the Earth’s systems no longer able to stabilise, becomes higher with more warming.
Examples of such tipping points are melting of Greenland ice, collapse of Antarctic Glaciers, these are expected to lead to several meters of sea level rise.
Destruction of Amazon forests, melting of all the permafrost and so on.