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The Atom : (Electron (Orbiting nucleus in orbitals, Relative mass: 1/1840,…
The Atom :
Electron
Orbiting nucleus in orbitals
Relative mass: 1/1840
Relative charge: -1
Actual mass: ?
Nucleus
Neutrons
Relative mass: 1
Relative Charge: 0
Actual mass: ?
Protons
Relative mass: 1
Relative charge: +1
Actual mass: ?
Most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus
Although the diameter of the nucleus is very small compared to the whole atom
Ions
Atoms form ions by losing or gaining electrons
Negative ions have more electrons than protons
Positive ions have less electrons than protons
Isotopes
"Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons"
It is the number and arrangement of electrons that decide the chemical properties of an element
As isotopes have the same electron configuration, they have the same chemical properties
However they do have different physical properties (like densities and rates of diffusion) because these generally depend on mass
These contribute to the Relative Atomic Mass of an element