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The Causes of the English Civil War (Long term (Economical (Extension of…
The Causes of the English Civil War
Trigger
Political
Parliament made its own army which effectively challenged Charles to do the same which was almost the official start of war
The MPs voted to take control of the army which was the first law ever passed without the kings approval
Militia Ordinance March 1642
The Nineteen Propositions June 1642
Long term
Economical
Extension of of Ship Money levy to peacetime coastal counties in 1634 and then to all counties in 1635.
Unpopular sale of monopolies increased (e.g. for soap production) I
1631 unpopular tax on windows introduced to tax landowners living in large homes with many windows - windows were bricked up to avoid payment.
Social
More literate middling sort (famers, tradesmen, craftsmen) who debated and challenged ideas.
Merchants and traders were increasing in economic wealth and wanted a greater say in decision making - power in Parliament (specifically the House of Commons)
Religious
He married the unpopular Princess Henrietta Maria (who was a catholic ) in 1625
In 1633, Charles promoted Laud to Archbishop of Canterbury and he made the churches more catholic in feel but the Irish were extremely unhappy about this
In 1637, Charles’ harsh treatment of Putitans increased his unpopularity a lot
Political
Use of Favourites (e.g unpopular Duke of Buckingham and Thomas Wentworth)
Use of Star Chamber to punish opponents without a fair trial
His Father’s belief in the divine right of kings passed on to Charles which made him believe that he was far superior to parliament
Short term
Religious
The Second Bishops War 1640
The Irish Rebellion 1641
Political
The removal of advisers: Trial of Laud and execution of Strafford 1641
The Short Parliament 1640
The Star Chamber And High Commission courts were abolished 1641
The Grand Remonstrance 1641
The Triennial Act 1641