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The Kidneys (advantages and disadvantages of a dialysis machine (Available…

- - - - the blood is then pumped into a chamber with a semi permeable membrane around it
        
        dialysis fluid is circulated around the membrane to remove urea
        
        dialysis fluid contains
        
        a glucose concentration similar to a normal level in the blood
        
        a concentration of ions similar to that found in normal blood plasma
        
        no urea
        
        the urea is able to move into the dialysis fluid across the concentration gradient cleaning the blood
        
        the clean blood is then pumped back in to the patient with no urea and a correct concentration of glucose and mineral ions
- - - - tissue typing
        
        antigens
        
        small portions of the surface of every cell to a specific organism
        
        kidneys are only given to patients with similar antigens to make sure that the organ is accepted by the patients body
        
        this means patients may be waiting for a long time before finding a compatible donor
      - immunoresistant drugs