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Culture on pro-social and anti-social behaviour. (Whiting and Whiting…
Culture on pro-social and anti-social behaviour.
Collectivist culture
The needs of the group are seen as more important than the needs of the individual.
Individualist culture
The needs of the individual are seen as more important than the needs of the group and individuals in society view them as independent.
Children who are raised in a collectivist culture are often expected to help out with the family chores. They are also likely to help care for younger siblings.
Researchers measure pro-social behaviour in children by looking at how they help with the family.
Pro-social and anti social behaviour
pro- Acts that benefit society and its members
Anti- actions that go against society and harms it.
Whiting and Whiting (1975)
conducted a naturalist observation of children aged 3-11 yrs old in 6 different countries.
100% of Kenyan children compared to 8% American children demonstrated altruism.
Children from Mexico and the Phillippines acted in a pro-social way than those from Japan, India and USA.
Children raised in individualist cultures are raised by their parents to be competetive and to work hard at school to ensure they succeed.
Moghaddam (1993)
Compared children raised in a Kibbutz (collectivist culture where resources are shared) to children raised in Europe or USA.
Found that children raised on the Kibbutz showed altruistic behaviour than children in USA or Europe (individualist cultures)
Anti-social behaviour
The 2010 Gallup World Poll found that there is a correlation between income inequality and anti-social behaviour. Countries such as Mexico reported the highest levels of anti-social behaviour.
The economic gap acts as a trigger for anti-social acts such as vandalism, theft and aggressive acts