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MATERIALS (Stone and ceramics (Stone binders (Plaster (Processed from…

- - - - Cotton
        
        From the plant of the same name
        
        Naturally white, can be dyed
        
        Elastic and flexible
        
        Light and absorbs moisture
        
        Good thermal insulator
        
        Resistant to acids
      - Linen
        
        From the flax plant
        
        Naturally white or beige
        
        Elastic and flexibl
        
        Good thermal conductor
        
        Resistant to chlorine and bleach
      - Hemp
        
        Extracted from a herbaceous plan
        
        Very strong
        
        Used in shoemaking, crafts and decorations.
    - - Silk
        
        Made from a material secreted by a worm called a silkworm, which forms extremely fine threads
        
        Highly resistant and elastic
        
        Good thermal and electrical
        msulator
      - Wool
        
        Excellent thermal insulator
        
        Various natural colours, but easily dyed
        
        From sheep
        
        Very elastic
        
        Resistant to acid
    - - Asbestos
        
        Fibrous mineral
        
        Fireproof
        
        Used for fire resistant roofs
        
        A health risk to use and inhale
      - Metals
        
        Threads of gold, silver and copper
        
        Used to make cloth
  - - - Nylon
      - Polyester
      - Rayon
      - Lycra
- - - - Widely varied natural colours
      - High density, cold to the touch, hard, high
        resistance to environmental conditions
      - Brilliant sheen when polished
      - Used on floors and walls, in architecture and in
        sculpture
    - - Hard, dense and compact, making it waterproof
      - Extracted from the Earth in smooth,flat pieces that are cut and pressed
      - Used mainly to cover roofs and as paving stones
  - - - Processed from crushed gypsum that is dehydrated
      - Then mixed with water to make a paste that hardens rapidly
      - Water-soluble adhesive when first mixed that is resistant to pressure and to fire
      - Used to make archways, partitions, and as a covering for walls and paving, etc.
    - - Grey powder made from a mixture of crushed and heated limestone, clay and gypsum
      - Mixed with water to make a soft paste
      - Very strong and resistant
      - Used to make mortar and other binders for construction materials like bricks
    - - Binder made from cement and sand, hardens when mixed with water
      - Used to hold together construction matenals like brick, cement block and
        paving stone, and to make artifinal stone
    - - Mixture of gravel, sand, water and cement that dries and hardens
      - Strong resistance to pressure
      - Adheres to steel, used to make reinforced concrete
      - Used to make foundations for buildings, bridges, etc.
  - - - Mixing. We add water, anti-grease agents, fluxes and colouring.
      - Preparing the clay. We clean the clay to remove traces of vegetable matter, then apply a breakdown process using rollers
      - Modelling. We shape the clay in the form of the object we want to make
      - 4. Drying. To allow all water to evaporate
      - Baking in an industnal oven called a kiln at temperatures between 700'C and 1700'C.
      - 6. Glazing and enamelling.
  - - - Mould blowing
        
        We put the paste into a hollow mould which has the shape of the object we want to make
      - Float glass making
        
        We float molten glass on top of a layer of molten tin
      - Lamination
        
        We pass the soft material through a system of rollers The rollers can be smooth, or engraved to create a design on the glass