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Attitudes (guide behavior), Main components of Attitudes (Levels of…
Attitudes
guide behavior
Main components of Attitudes
Levels of construal
Function
To understand the features or qualities of human reality
Types
Thoughts
Concrete to abstract
Specific situations to general ideas
Desires
Hedonic to eudaimonic
Eating ice cream to living a purposeful life
Goals
Concrete to abstract
Write a paper to graduate from college
Specific to general
Short- or long-term goals to purpose in life
Superficial to profound
Extrinsic (money, power, status) to intrinsic (learn)
imposed to self-generated
Study for the GRE to conduct your own research (autonomy, self-determination theory)
Low to high expectations
Low to high expectations from yourself or from your mentor (wise feedback)
Values
One source to many sources
One religion to relation of all religions
Independent to interdependent
Only me to consider aligning my goals with the community (cultural mismatch)
Properties
Centrality
“Changing a high-level feature has a greater impact on the meaning of an object than does changing a low-level feature.”
Subordination
“The meaning of low-level features depends on high-level features more than vice versa.”
Psychological distance
Function
To contextualize the facets of human reality
Types
Time
Now to later
Spend money now to save it for later
Near to far away
Buy a car in the near future to pay college
Space
Near to far away
My home to my neighbors
My city to my country
My country to the world
Local to global
Self-image to compassionate goals
Object or subject of reference
Yourself to other people
Self-image to compassionate goals
My group to other groups
My race to other races
My species to other species
Non-relevant to my life to relevant to my life
learning for a grade to learning to solve relevant real-world problems (relatedness, care, value-expectancy theory; self-determination)
Possibilites
Real to imaginary
Likely to unlikely
Go to Stanford to go to space
Mindsets
Function
To deal with circumstances of human reality
Types
Intelligence
Fixed to growth
Morality
Fixed to change
Abilities
Born with to develop
Interests
Same to change or develop
Personality
Traits to circumstances
World
Fixed to different
Relationships
Fixed to change
Willpower or self-regulation or persistence
Limited to unlimited
Will or drive
Low to high determination
Low to High
Static to Dynamic