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System Architecture (Von Neumann Architecture (Program Counter (A program…
System Architecture
Von Neumann Architecture
Program Counter
A program counter is a register in a computer processor that contains the address of the instruction being used at the curent time. As each instruction gets fetched, the program counter increases its current value by 1.
Accumulator
An accumulator is a register for short-term, intermediate storage of arithmetic and logic data in a computer's CPU.
MDR
A memory data register is the register in a central processing unit, CPU, that stores the data being transferred to and from the immediate access storage. When data is fetched from memory and placed into the MDR
MAR
Memory Address Register is the CPU register that either stores the memory address from which data will be fetched from the CPU, or the address to which data will be sent and stored. In other words, MAR holds the memory location of data that needs to be accessed.
CPU
Purpose
The CPU (Central Processing Unit). Without a Central Processing Unit, your computer will not turn on. The Central Processing Unit is responsible for executing a sequence of stored instructions.
Components
Control unit
A component that directs the operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, alu and input/output devices how to respond to the instructions that have been sent to the processor.
Cache
A cache is a hardware cache used by the central processing unit of a computer to reduce the average time to access data from the the secondary storage.
Arithmetic logic unit
An alu is a digital circuit used to perform arithmetic and logic operations. It represents the major part of the of a computer.
Performance
Number of cores
The number of cores can affect the time it takes to process a command but this can be restricted by the clock speed.
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Clock speed
Clock speed, one hertz equals one tick per second. The clock speed of computers is usually measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).
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Embedded Systems
An embedded system is a system based within a computer. This is a dedicated function within a larger electrical system. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts.