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2.6 Leadership: 'The behavioural processes that influence individuals…
2.6 Leadership: 'The behavioural processes that influence individuals towards set shared
goals.'
Characteristics of a good leader
Good leaders can change their style based on the needs of the group or individual as well as the situational demands.
Good leaders have often come from within the group having been a member for a long time.
Leaders have a clear vision / target as well as values which are accepted by the group.
Good leaders have high levels of enthusiasm and can encourage others to work hard.
Good leaders can get information across to their groups effectively both verbally and non-verbally.
Good leaders are often chosen by the group's team members.
Good leaders are able to relate to their players desires / need and fears / concerns.
Good leaders have presence and are able to use persuasive communication to motivate others.
Good leaders are, or were, often very talented sports performers themselves. They have a comprehensive understanding of the sport.
Emergent leaders
Come from within a group and are often selected by the group often due to their skill level and the respect that they have earnt.
Advantages
Recognised as 'one of our own' and so can win over team mates more readily.
Better able to motivate others.
Better able to build positive relationships with teammates.
Disadvantages
May lack objectivity as friendships within the group might cloud their judgement.
(E.g. When selecting a team or making substitutions)
May carry less authority than a prescribed leader.
Prescribed leaders
Appointed to a team from / by an external source.
Advantages
More objective due to seeing a team / individual with fresh eyes.
Have new and creative ideas / strategies for achieving goals.
Have more authority and power over a group than an emergent leader.
Disadvantages
Decisions making may be ineffective / delayed due to a lack of understanding
about a groups team culture or the social and working environments.
May take longer to form positive working relationships with players than an
Autocratic leaders
Charateristics
Effective when a specific task needs to be
completed or goal needs to be achieved.
Commanding approach with little personal interest in the
individuals making up the group.
Decision making is not shared and is done often without considering inter-personal consequences.
Most effective when...
In high pressure situations
In dangerous situations
Working with large hostile groups
Working with cognitive learners who struggle to make decisions.
The purpose of a tasks is clear / unambiguous.
The leader's personality is autocratic.
Working with male performers.
Democratic leaders
Characteristics
They have a social orientation and are concerned with keeping good personal relationships.
Interested in sharing decision making with team members whose views are taken into account.
Most effective when...
There is plenty of time to achieve a task allowing an approach that
fosters good relationships and confidence.
Group members are able to participate in decision making (autonomous performers).
The group members are well known to each other and there is a high degree
of trust.
Team sizes are small or for individual performers (easier to share ideas).
Working with females as they tend to respond positively as they are better at inter-personal
communication.
Opinions are listened to.
The task is not dangerous and the group is not hostile.
The leader has a democratic personality.
Laissez- faire
Characteristics
Take a
back seat role as the group members make their own decisions.
Have full trust in their team members abilities to make effective decisions.
Most effective when...
Working with high level elite athletes.
Trying to encourage creativity amongst team members.
Team members can be fully trusted to make effective decisions.
Assessing group members ability to make decisions.
Tasks require individual decision making.