Organization of the Human Body
Carlos Duarte period 5
Planes and sections
Body regions
Directional Terms
Body Cavities
Right/Left iliac [ inguinal] region
Epigastic region
Frontal = Lengthwise plane running from side to side
Laterial = toward the side of the body or away
from the midline.
medial= Toward the midline of the body
Transverse= Horizontal or crosswise plane
Sagittal= lengthwise plane running from front of back
Levels of Organization
Body Systems
Feedback loops
Endocrine - The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete chemical agents into the tissue fluids and blood .
Respiratory - the respiratory system consists of the upper and lower respiratory tract through air spaces of the lungs
Nervous - The nervous system consists of impulse generating conducting tissue organized into central nervous system and a peripheral nervous system.
Digestive- the Digestive system is concerned with the breakdown, digestion and assimilation of food as well as excretion of the residua.
Lymphatic - The lymphatic system is a system of vessels assisting the veins in recovering the bodys tissue fluids and returning them to the heart .
urinary- the urinary is concerned with the conservation of water and maintenance of a neutral acid base balance in the body fluids.
cardiovascular - Cardiovascular system consists of the four chambered heart , arteries conducting blood to the tissues, capillaries through which nutrients , gases and molecular material pass to and form the tissues and veins returning blood.
Immune- The lymphoid system consists of organs concerned with body defense.
MUSCULAR - the muscular system includes the skeletal muscles that move the skeleton, the face, and other structures and give form to the body
Female reproductive- The female reproductive system is concerned with the secretion of sex hormones , production and transportation of germ cells receipt and transport of male germ cells.
Skeletal Articular- the skeletal system consists of the skeleton of bones and their periostem and the ligaments that secure the bones at joints.
Male reproductive- The male reproductive is concerned with secretion of male sex hormones,formation and maintenance of germ cells.
:
Inferior- lower position
Anterior- near the front
Superior- Above the head
Posterior- farther from the back
Negative feedback loop- oppose or negate a change in a controlled condition; reverse the changes
Positive feedback loop- stimulatory; temporarily amplify the change that is occuring until something stops it
Organs- groups of tissue form that have specialized functions,
Organ system - groups of organs functions
Tissues- are groups of cells functioning together
organism- organs systems functioning together make up
Cells- are the basic unit of life
Organelles- are aggregates of macromolecules used to carry out a specific function in the cell
Chemicals- a. Atoms are the simplest level b. two or more atoms comprise a molecule c. Macromolecules are large , biologically important molecules inside cells.
Right/ Left hypochondriac region
umbitical region
Spinal cavity
Abdomial cavity
Thoracic cavity
Pelvic cavity
Cranial cavity
Right/Left lumbar region
Hypogastic region