Organization of the Human Body
Carlos Duarte period 5

Planes and sections

Body regions

Directional Terms

Body Cavities

Right/Left iliac [ inguinal] region

Epigastic region

Frontal = Lengthwise plane running from side to side

Laterial = toward the side of the body or away
from the midline.

medial= Toward the midline of the body

Transverse= Horizontal or crosswise plane

Sagittal= lengthwise plane running from front of back

Levels of Organization

Body Systems

Feedback loops

Endocrine - The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete chemical agents into the tissue fluids and blood .

Respiratory - the respiratory system consists of the upper and lower respiratory tract through air spaces of the lungs

Nervous - The nervous system consists of impulse generating conducting tissue organized into central nervous system and a peripheral nervous system.

Digestive- the Digestive system is concerned with the breakdown, digestion and assimilation of food as well as excretion of the residua.

Lymphatic - The lymphatic system is a system of vessels assisting the veins in recovering the bodys tissue fluids and returning them to the heart .

urinary- the urinary is concerned with the conservation of water and maintenance of a neutral acid base balance in the body fluids.

cardiovascular - Cardiovascular system consists of the four chambered heart , arteries conducting blood to the tissues, capillaries through which nutrients , gases and molecular material pass to and form the tissues and veins returning blood.

Immune- The lymphoid system consists of organs concerned with body defense.

MUSCULAR - the muscular system includes the skeletal muscles that move the skeleton, the face, and other structures and give form to the body

Female reproductive- The female reproductive system is concerned with the secretion of sex hormones , production and transportation of germ cells receipt and transport of male germ cells.

Skeletal Articular- the skeletal system consists of the skeleton of bones and their periostem and the ligaments that secure the bones at joints.

Male reproductive- The male reproductive is concerned with secretion of male sex hormones,formation and maintenance of germ cells.

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Inferior- lower position

Anterior- near the front

Superior- Above the head

Posterior- farther from the back

Negative feedback loop- oppose or negate a change in a controlled condition; reverse the changes

Positive feedback loop- stimulatory; temporarily amplify the change that is occuring until something stops it

Organs- groups of tissue form that have specialized functions,

Organ system - groups of organs functions

Tissues- are groups of cells functioning together

organism- organs systems functioning together make up

Cells- are the basic unit of life

Organelles- are aggregates of macromolecules used to carry out a specific function in the cell

Chemicals- a. Atoms are the simplest level b. two or more atoms comprise a molecule c. Macromolecules are large , biologically important molecules inside cells.

Right/ Left hypochondriac region

umbitical region

Spinal cavity

Abdomial cavity

Thoracic cavity

Pelvic cavity

Cranial cavity

Right/Left lumbar region

Hypogastic region