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Childhood (Childhood as a social construct (The modern western notion of…

- - - - Inequalities among children - Not all children have the same status or experiences. For example different nationalities are likely to experience different childhoods and different life chances.
      - Inequalities between children and adults - March of progress writers argue that adults use this power for the benefit and protection of children. however, critics argue that many of the things that march of progress writers see as care are in fact just new forms of oppression and control.
      - Neglect and abuse - Adult control over children can take the extreme form of physical neglect or physical, sexual or emotional abuse.
      - Control over children's space - Children's movements in industrial societies such as Britain are highly regulated. for example children are allowed to play in some areas and forbidden to play in others also they should be in school all the time. This control and surveillance contrasts with the independence of many children in developing countries today.
      - Controls over children's time - Adults in modern society control children's daily routines, including the times when they get up and go to bed, eat, go to school and come home. Also adults control the speed at which children grow up. it is they who define whether a child is too old or too young for this or that activity, responsibility or behaviour.
      - Controls over children's bodies - Adults exercise enormous control over children's bodies, including how hey sit, walk and run, what they wear, their hairstyles and weather or not they can have their ears pierced. Adults pat their heads kiss and cuddle them, adults also restrict how children touch their own bodies like they cant pick their nose.
      - Control over children's access to resources - In industrial societies, children have only limited opportunities to earn money, and so they remain dependent economically on adults. Labour laws and compulsory schooling exclude them from paid work. Although the state pays child benefit, this goes to the parent not the child.
      - Age patriarchy - Diana Gittins describes the inequalities between adults and children. just as feminists use the term patriarchy. They also say that the father is the top of the family so that children and the wife has to do what he says.