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Information systems in organisations (Information (Characteristics (time…
Information systems in organisations
General
Data
Discrete, objectives facts about events
Banks, insurance, utility & government
Information
Relevance & purpose
Contextualisation
Categorisation
Calculation
Correction
Condensation
Knowledge
Mix of experience, values, contextual information
Organisational routines, processes, practices
Comparisons
Consequences
Connections
Conversations
Wisdom
Correct understanding of knowledge
Info usefulness
Relevance
Reliability
Comparability
Understandability
Identifying
Technology
Critical success factors
Four approaches
Null
By-product
Total study
Key indicator = exception reports, key performance indicators
Determination of CSF's
Business it operates
Organisation itself & it's position
Economic & social environment
Organisation factors
Ask the users
Departments or individual objectives
Which factors are critical?
Primary information
Competitive strategy
Retaining customers details (to remember customers)
Loyalty schemes
Purchasing patterns
bonus schemes
Preferences
Information
Characteristics
time horizon
Decisions made
Level of detail
Scope
Format
Degree of uncertainty
Source of data
Table 3 is important CIMA p 61 u1 s3
Operational system
Allocation = sales orders & distribution
Computer offers = increased speed & accuracy
Pre-defined factions = high volume, low value transactions efficiency.
Batch or online processing = Batch processing system & transaction files
Online processing system
Decision support system
Operational level (re-ordering inventory)
Tactical level (make or buy decisions)
Strategic level (capital investments)
Mathematical modelling to the behaviour of the organisation
People make the final decision
Results are based on relationships between variables (sensitivity analysis)
Executive information system
Computer-based
Key features
Organised around CSF's
Different levels of detail
User-friendly
Fast response access from many locations
Tailored to managers styles
Uses external data
Show trends, ratios, & deviations
Office automation systems
Local area networks
managing documents & communication
Word, e-mail, spreadsheets, powerpoint
Knowledge work system
Supporting knowledge by creating new ones
Supporting trading & portfolio management
Sources
Environmental scanning
Electronic data interchange
Computer-to-computer
Supply chain (links between suppliers, manufacturer & retailer
Efficiency of both purchasing & selling faction
Developments of internet small business can EDI systems