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Explain why LIDCs have more communicable diseases (Location (Communicable…
Explain why LIDCs have more communicable diseases
Diet
Insufficient food intake can lead to malnutrition and under nutrition.
Malnutrition is the result of an unbalanced diet, particularly shortages in vitamins and minerals.
Under nutrition will result from too little food intake in order to maintain body weight.
Both of these are very common in poorer countries of the world.
Research from FAO shows that even though there has been an increase in food consumption between 1965 and 2015, the situations in the sub-Saharan countries remains the same. calories increased by only 37 a day whereas EDC's in Asia had a modest increase of 395 per day.
Health
Health and diet are often closely linked.
malnutrition and under nutrition will often weaken the immune system and increase the chances of bacterial and viral infections.
Malnutrition is often caused by protein deficiency and can harbour non-communicable diseases such as kwashiorkor and marasmus.
Diseases caused by lack of vitamins include rickets- vitamin D, scurvy- vitamin C, Pellagra - vitamin B.
Environmental Conditions
Water pollution is mainly caused by lack of proper sanitation and hygiene. Polluted water from wells and surface streams provides a disease reservoir for cholera, typhoid and diarrhoea.
Meanwhile poor drainage provides breeding sites for disease vectors such as mosquitoes and water snails that transmit diseases like malaria and bilharzia.
The threat of infectious disease is increased in LIDCS by the appalling conditions in which millions of people live. Slum housing and overcrowding are closely linked to TB and other respiratory diseases
Geography
Most of the world’s poorest countries are in the tropics and sub-tropics.
High temperatures and abundant rainfall create the epidemiology for a wide range of infectious diseases – malaria, dengue fever, sleeping sickness, filariasis, yellow fever, Ebola – which are absent in cooler climates of higher latitudes
Location
Communicable diseases dominate mortality in the world’s poorest countries. These diseases are classified into 3 groups – animal-borne, water-borne and food-borne
Communicable diseases dominate mortality in the world’s poorest countries. These diseases are classified into 3 groups – animal-borne, water-borne and food-borne
Animal-borne e.g. cholera, typhoid and polio – now eliminated in ACs, remain endemic in most LIDCs.
Their prevalence in LIDCs is due to a number of factors, though most are related in some way to poverty.
Failure to control communicable disease reflects inadequate health care services and a lack of resources to tackle the causes of disease.
Other factors include inadequate nutrition, poor environmental and living conditions and geography.