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Chronic liver disease (Complications (Ascites Pathophysiology: reduced…

- - - - Ascites and peripheral oedema
        Reduced albumin synthesis, so reduced oncotic pressure of the blood, so fluid moves out into tissues
      - Caput medusae and varices
        Reduced blood flow through liver due to portal HTN
        Formation of porto-systemic anastomoses
        Prone to bleeds due to coagulopathy
      - Cerebral oedema and encephalopathy
        Liver failure reduces clearance of nitrogenous waste;
        build up of ammonia, passes into brain and cleared by astrocytes, creating glutamate from glutamine; osmotic shift
        of fluid into cells and oedema
      - Jaundice
        Reduced bilirubin conjugation and excretion
- - - - Liver transplant
        Indication: end stage disease
    - - Fat sol vitamins
        Indication: all patients
        E.g. ADEK