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The Cell (Organelles (small parts of cell that perform specific functions)…
The Cell
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Major Components
Nucleus
Control center for the cell; contains instructions for protein synthesis and genetic information; Is considered an organelle.
Cytoplasm
- Composed of cytosol & organelles.
- Cellular activities happen here.
Plasma Membrane
- Serves as barrier to cell.
- Composed of a phosolipid bilayer & protein receptors.
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Membrane Transport
1) Simple - Requires no cellular energy; permissible to Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, non-charged particles & lipid soluable molecules. When the molecule is water the simple membrane transport is called osmosis. Molecules move down the concentration gradient (high to low concentration) until equilibrium is reached.
2) Facilitated - Requires a protein receptor compatible with the specific molecule; requires no cellular energy; permissible to larger molecules, charged particles & lipid insoluable molecules. Molecules move down the concentration gradient (high to low concentration) until equilibrium is reached.
3) Active - Requires cellular energy and a protein receptor; Molecules move up the concentration gradient (low to high concentration)
Nucleus
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Nuclear Envelope: Double membrane surrounding the nucleus continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum, separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm and regulates substances to and from the nucleus.
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