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Cells (The boundary fence and security gate; involved with transport of…
Cells
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Inside the Plasma Membrane, outside of the nucleus where most cellular activities occur.
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Dense particles- free or attached to endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes produce proteins for cellular or extracellular function and are constructed of proteins
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The cytosol consists of water, ions, and many enzymes. The enzymes breakdown nutrients and energy source for cell activities. The cytosol makes up half of the volume of the Cytoplasm.
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Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. These organelles produce the energy for cellular function.
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Has ribosomes -makes protein and membrane. The ribosomes in rough ER makes protein that is secreted from cells.
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Smooth ER has no ribosomes so it is not a site of protein synthesis. Smooth ER has many different functions within each cell type, but majority of the functions relate to metabolism-the making or breaking down of fats. Smooth ER also form calcium ions.
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Golgi apparatus receives proteins from Endoplasmic reticulum, sorts and repackage. Activities and products in the Golgi apparatus follows three pathways. 1.) Secretory vesicles- release their contents to the cells exterior by exocytosis. 2.) The membrane of the vesicles contribute to the plasma membrane, whose components are constantly being renewed and recycled. 3.) Vesicles leaving the Golgi apparatus is a Lysosomes- a sac filled with digestive enzymes that remain in the cell.
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Peroxisomes contain a variety of enzymes. Oxidases- Uses oxygen to neutralize reactive molecules called free radicals , converting them into hydrogen peroxide.
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Cytoskeleton gives the skeleton a shape by supporting cellular structures and generating various cell movement.
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Intermediate filaments- Fibrous, rope like-connected to desmosomes.
Microtubules -lumen, gives shape to cells and transport of vesicles along the microtubules
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Pinocytosis "cell drinking" -A routine activity of most cells. Important in cells that function in nutrient absorption.
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Receptor mediated - selective transport process. Binds to specific receptors on the cell membrane for transport into the cell
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Exocytosis is an active mechanism by which substances move from the cytoplasm to the outside of the cell. Exocytosis accounts for most secretion processes.
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The nucleus is the control center of the cell. Directs the cells activities by providing the instructions for protein synthesis.
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