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BACTERIA & VIRUSES (Vocab Terms for BOTH Virus & Bacteria…
BACTERIA & VIRUSES
Bacteria: large group of single-celled, prokaryotic microorganisms
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Rapid reproduction, mutation, and genetic recombination promote genetic diversity in prokaryotes:
new mutations, though rare on a per gene basis, can increase genetic diversity quickly in species w/ short generation times and large populations
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prokaryotes have highly evolved: their population have responded successfully to many type of environmental challenges
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Archaea
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the 1st prokaryotes assigned to the domain archaea live in environments so extreme that few organisms can survive
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Environmental Impact:
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Crenarchaeota can perform nitrification, important in nitrogen cycle
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Virus: an infectious particle enclosed in a protein capsid and sometimes a membranous viral envelope
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Structure of Viruses
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Viral Genomes
their genomes may consist of double-stranded DNA or single stranded DNA, double stranded RNA or single stranded RNA
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Viruses Replicating
viruses lack metabolic enzymes for making proteins, such as ribosomes
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