Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Cells (Cytoskeletal Elements (Microtubules ( largest, has a lumen, gives…
Cells
-
-
Nucleus
Control center of the cell. Place of genetic material (DNA) and protein synthesis. Surrounded by nuclear envelope, contains nucleoplasm, nucleoli and chromatin
Contains Nuclear envelope (regulates passage in and out of nucleus), nucleoli (site of ribosome subunit manufacture), chromatin (DNA comp.)
Cytoplasm
Inside of plasma membrane and outside of nucleus, organelles are found here. Place where most activity occurs
Ctyosol
Jellylike fluid containing substance consisting of water, ions and enzymes. About half the volume of cytoplasm.
Mitochondria
Rodlike double membrane structure, site of ATP synthesis, power house of the cell
Lysosomes
Membranous sacs containing enzymes, breaks down bio material (intracellular digestion)
Golgi Aparatus
Stack of smooth membrane sacs near ER (close to nucleus) Packages, modifies, and segregates proteins for secretion from the cell.
Peroxisomes
Membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes, detoxifies many substances, contains catalase which breaks down hydrogen peroxide.
Plasma Membrane
Barrier of inside and outside of cell, transport of substances in and out of the cell. Made of phospholipids bilayer (semipermeable/ polar head and non-polar tail) controlling what enters and leaves cell. May also act as a receptor, receiving chemical messages from outside of cell.
Membrane Transports
Simple Diffusion
movement of fat soluble molecules from high to low concentration (though phospholipid bilayer) *no cell energy required
Osmosis
Diffusion of water (from greater concentration to lesser, through plasma membrane)
Facilitated Diffusion
Protein embedded in plasma membrane that enables larger and/or charged particles, not lipid soluble into cell. (from greater to lesser concentration)
Active Transport
Protein embedded in plasma membrane that enables substances to be actively pumped from inside to the outside of the cell against the concentration gradient. (ATP is required)
Ribosomes
Dense particles, free or attached to the Rough ER that is the site of protein synthesis
Cytoskeletal Elements
Microtubules ( largest, has a lumen, gives cell shape, can transport vesicles form centrioles)
Microfilaments (smallest, protein:actin, can change cell shape, muscle contractions)
Intermediate Filaments (connected to desmosomes, from inside cell, PERMANENT)
Centrioles
Nine triplets of microtubules, forms spindle and asters during mitosis - microtubule network
Exocytosis
Vesicle forms inside the cell, moves to cell membrane, links with proteins, twists, and material in vesicle exists cell. Ex) Secretion, Goblet cells letting mucus out
-
-