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Introduction to Biomedical Imaging (Potential biomedical applications of…
Introduction to Biomedical Imaging
Biomedical Imaging and some challenges
What is Biomedical Imaging
Any tools, devices or systems
that can see something that your naked eyes cannot or cannot clearly see in a biological sample or system
What are involved in Biological imaging
Physics
Imaging principle (tissue-radiation interaction)
Engineering
Instrumentation
Mathematics Biostatistics
Image reconstruction Algorithms Image processing
Biology,oncology, pathology medicine, pharmaceutics
Imaging Contrast agents
(Bio) Chemistry material S&E
Imaging Contrast agents
What are typical biomedical imaging modalities?
Ultrasound of a fetus
x-ray image
ct Image
MRI image
"PET" Image
Confocal microscopic image of skin (x,y)
OCT image of skin (x,z)
Challenges in Biomedical Imaging
Tradeoff between resolution and imaging depth
Tradeoff between sensitivity (or SNR) and Resolution (or Depth)
Multiplex Imaging challenge (for imaging multiple targets)
Safety and Cost Challenge
Ultrasound-switchable fluorescence
Problems of Current optical imaging (resolution vs imaging depth)
Light microscopy: High resolution (< 1 micron), but very shallow imaging depth (<1 mm)
Light Macroscopy (diffuse Optical Tomography):
Deep-tissue imaging (30-50 m or 1-2 inches), but very low resolution (~5 mm)
why?
poor imaging depth of light microscopy (depth < 1 mm in most tissue) poor resolution of light macroscopy in deep - tissue
Objectives and Motivation
Objective
High resolution imaging in deep-tisue
high (or decent) SNR (or sensitivity)
maintain features of optical imaging
Complex (or multi-color) imaging capability
low cost and safety
Motivation
Why is high-resolution imaging in deep tissue important
can resolve vessels to cure cancers
Principle of USF imaging
Our solution: high-resolution deep-tissue imaging using an ultrasound-switchable fluorescence (USF) technique
cannot focus light to deep light,can focus waves 100 times better than light
light with different colors (particles injected into the tissue), focus on tissue entirely.
polymer chain: tissue polymer becomes curved give signal that changes the format that contrast agents
Ultrasound colored : used colors to differentiate different images
Potential biomedical applications of USF
High Resolution imaging: hih sensiviyt is achieved, validated in ex vivo and in vivo biological tissues
coregistered with ultrasound imaging
biomedical applications include
High resolution (super-high and scalable)
Deep tissue
highsensitivity
high specificity
fast & 3D
cost efficient
non-ionizing radiation
externally induced signal