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Beatrice Mwachugu Cells (Organelles (Endoplamic reticulum (Smooth…

- - - - Fluid substance that consists of water, enzymes and ions
    - - Temporary structures in the cytoplasm that may or may not be in a given cell type and they include pigments ,proteins and food stores which are the most important
      - Lipid droplets
        
        they are spherical droplets of stored fat that look like lysosomes but do not have a membrane
      - Glycosomes
        
        store sugar in form of glycogen and they contain enzymes that make and degrade the glycogen into glucose subunits.
    - - the cytoplasm contains two types of organelles with different function that is essential for the survival of the cell
  - - - Double membrane structure pierced by pores that separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm and regulates passage of substances to and from the nucleus
    - - dark staining body cell where production of ribosomes takes place.
    - - Threadlike material composed of DNA that has genes
  - - - Facilitated diffusion
        
        When molecules move down their concentration gradient through the plasma membrane by moving through specific integral protein
      - Simple diffusion
        
        small uncharged molecules eg O2,CO2 and fat soluble can pass freely through the membrane from a higher concentration gradient to a lower concentration gradient.
      - Osmosis
        
        When water moves from a high concentration gradient to a low concentration gradient through the membrane
      - Active transport
        
        When integral proteins move molecules across plasma membrane against their concentration gradient
- - - - Metabolizes lipids and stores calcium
    - - Produces proteins