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Forces And Motion (Types of Forces (Gravitational Force
A Force that…
Forces And Motion
Types of Forces
Gravitational Force
- A Force that pulls object towards the centre of the earth and causes objects to have weight.
Normal Force
- A force that acts in perpendicular to the surface of an object.
Frictional Force
- A force that exists between two surfaces that are rubbing each other.
Elastic Force
- A force in an elastic object due to stretching or compression.
Buoyant Force
- A force that resists the weight of an object that floats on water or in the air.
The Effects of a Force
Levers
First Class
- Fulcrum is between effort and loas
Second Class
- Load is between effort and fulcrum
Third Class
- Effort is between load and fulcrum
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Pressure
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Pressure in Gas
Air Pressure
- Volume of Air
- Temperature of Air
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Density and Floatation
- An object in water is normally influenced by two forces:
- Weight of object that acts downward
- Buoyant force that acts upward
- Floatation of an object in water depends on the magnitude of weight and buoyant force.
- Buoyant Force= actual weight- apparent weight
- If buoyant force greater than weight, the object will float;
If buoyant force smaller than weight, the object will sink.
Force Diagrams
- A force has magnitude, direction and point of application
- Magnitude is the strength of the force
- Direction is the path that a force moves toward
- Point of application is the location at which a force is applied to an object
- Physicists use a force diagram (or free body diagram) to show the magnitude, direction and point of application of a force
- Features of a force diagram:
- Magnitude of a force is measured in newton (N)
- Direction of a force is represented by an arrow
- Point of application of a force is represented by a small circle
- The force acting on an object may include friction, gravity (weight), normal force thrust, drag or lift
What is Force?
- A force is a push or pull acting on a object.
- When we push or pull an object, we exert a force on that object.
Action Force and Reaction Force
- Forces always exist in action-reaction pairs.
- For every action force, there is an equal magnitude and opposite direction force.
- A force can change the shape of an object
(Change Shape, Change Appearance, Change Size)
- A force can change the original state of motion of an object.
(Change the direction of motion of an object, Stop moving object, Move a stationary object)