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B3 - Infection and response (Viral, Bacteria and Protist diseases…
B3 - Infection and response
Preventing the spread of Pathogens
TB how to avoid spreading
Examples
Take all of your medicines as they're prescribed, until your doctor takes you off them.
Keep all your doctor appointments.
Always cover your mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. ...
Wash your hands after coughing or sneezing.
Don't visit other people and don't invite them to visit you.
How to avoid spreading Meningitis
Get Vaccinated. The most effective way to prevent meningitis is to get vaccinated against the disease. ...
Don't Share Personal Items. ...
Keep Your Distance From Infected People. ...
Wash Your Hands Vigorously. ...
Boost Your Immune System. ...
Get Prompt Treatment.
Immunity and vacinations
Vaccines are like a training course for the immune system. They prepare the body to fight disease without exposing it to disease symptoms.
A inactive form of the disease is in injected into the person then the immune cells called lymphocytes respond by producing antibodies, which are protein molecules. To fight the disease making sure if you get it again your body is immune and will fight it off easily.
White blood cells are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.
Theory of germs
The germ theory of disease is the currently accepted scientific theory of disease. It states that many diseases are caused by microorganisms. These small organisms, too small to see without magnification, invade humans, animals, and other living hosts.
Fighting diseases with drugs
Antibiotics
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Painkillers
antibiotics will help to clear your infection, they'll rarely provide you with any pain relief. You may therefore choose to take some kind of painkilling medication (analgesic) to help relieve your symptoms. Paracetamol is one of the safest painkillers and rarely causes side effects.
Pre-clinical testing
is a stage of research that begins before clinical trials (testing in humans) can begin, and during which important feasibility, iterative testing and drug safety data are collected.
Viral, Bacteria and Protist diseases
Salmonella
Symptoms include abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting, which tend to appear 12 to 72 hours after infection. Most people recover after 4 to 7 days without treatment, but a person with severe diarrhea may need hospital treatment. ... The illness usually goes away on its own, but severe cases may need hospital treatment.
Gonorrhoea
Signs and symptoms of gonorrhea infection in women include: Increased vaginal discharge. Painful urination. Vaginal bleeding between periods, such as after vaginal intercourse.
Measles
What is it?
Measles is a viral disease that can spread rapidly.
Also known as rubeola or morbilli, measles is an endemic disease, meaning it is continually present in a community, and many people develop resistance.
It is an unpleasant condition but one that normally passes without treatment within 7 to 10 days.
After a bout of measles, a person gains immunity for the rest of their life. They are very unlikely to contract measles a second time.
HIV
As the virus continues to multiply and destroy your immune cells — the cells in your body that help fight off germs — you may develop mild infections or chronic signs and symptoms such as: Fever. Fatigue. Swollen lymph nodes — often one of the first signs of HIV infection.
Tobacco mosaic virus
TMV is a virus that infects plants. In fact, it was the first virus to be discovered (by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898) and has since be used in many studies to work out how viruses replicate and move between cells. Symptoms.
The virus causes a mosaic pattern of brown spots on the surface of leaves.
