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King: Ready to Shoot and Do Shoot (Current literature (legalism…
King: Ready to Shoot and Do Shoot
Thesis: examines blacks' response to violence, specifically the debate concerning police brutality and self-defense in Harlem during the 1920s
argues that systematic violence mobilized and politicized blacks & contrib. to a community conciousness that est. police brutality as a legitamite issue for black protest
By spotlighting small scale and daily cases of violence the author centers the everyday violence that blacks encounter
placing community relations in the foreground highlights the rnge of black responses to W violence as well as uncovers interracial cross-class debate
Current literature
McKay: racial is not a southern problem, but a national problem
Majority is focused on race riots: resulted in viewing violence in the urban North as sporadic episodes of violence prompted by economic and territorial tensions
infrapolitics
covert and cultural forms of black resistance to white supremacy
legalism
appealsing to the state to redress the infringement of civil rights, demonstrated the community's respect for law and order and their faith in the jutice system
highlights the unlawful behavior of blacks and whites - shifting criminal behavior from being viewed as a trait of black people to being understood as the actions oof people and institutions
black leaders often framed blacks' self-protection efforts as criminal activity
Radicalism
Power and Politics
how seemingly inocuous, individualistic acts of survival and opposiiton shaped suthern urban politics, workplace struggles, and the social order generally
Black self protection is important not only because it challenged authority and white terror but shaped the behavior of the police department
Police Brutality
Since founding in 1883, The New York Age had been the clack community's champion against police brutality in black Manhattan
highlighted concerns and fear of the police department that the working class hadd mobilized and armed themselves for protection against whites and the police
July 17, 1905
Police attack and arrested of group of black men - beat in police custody
Spoken out against by wife of one of the victims
" Under the guise that the police represented just law and order, these violent attacks on blacks under police duress and esp. their registration into the criminal justice system legitimized the police's actions
White Violence
After WW2, soldiers returened and found blacks working their jobs that they were not allowed to work before sparked resntment and violence
black population expanded rapidly in Manhattan, sparking bttles with territorial whites - Blacks were victims of mob violence on a daily basis, Irish gangs playing a sig part in this
Today: Stand your ground policies are very racially biased
Self-defense from police brutality & white violence
Viewed and interpreted by different black leaders and media outfits differently
Supported by KKK as way to protect white women and protect white society
FBI Cointecpro
Black Hate and Counter-Intelligence
Racist maneuver - legitemized by policingwhite power groups
coloring books, newspaper articles, all kinds of crazy tools