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Periodic Table-Groups I & VII (Reactivity series (K,Na,Ca,Mg,Al,C,Zn…
Periodic Table-Groups I & VII
Group I
Known as Alkali metals
Chemical Properties
React with water to form alkali and hydrogen gas
2Li(s) + 3H2O(l)--->2LiOH(aq) + H2(g)
Reactivity series
down group I,reactivity increases
LiCl(aq) + Fr(s)---> FrCl(aq) + Li(s)
Francium displaces lithium
This results in a displacement reaction. In the above reaction, francium displaces lithium.
Physical Properties
Density
Low density
Density increases down the group
Melting & boiling points
Low melting & boiling points
M.p & b.p decreases down the group
in order to melt these metals we are breaking the metallic bond between them
soft
shiny
Other Trends
delocalised valence electrons are further away from the nucleus
distance between delocalised valance electron and nucleus will be further
Group VII
Known as Halogens
Physical Properties
In pairs
diatomic
coloured
colour becomes darker down the group
Chlorine: yellowish-green
Bromine: Reddish brown
Fluorine: yellow
Iodine:Black/Reddish brown/violet/dark purple
Astatine:Black
Low melting & boiling points
Melting and boiling point increases down the group
Chemical Properties
Reactivity
Reactivity decreases down the group
2NaI(aq) + F2(g)----> 2NaF(aq) + I2(s)
This results in a displacement reaction. In the above reaction,iodine is being displaced by flourine.
The resulting solution will be in black/purple/violet colour
React with metals to form ionic compound
2Na(s) + Cl2(g)---> 2NaCl
Reactivity series
K,Na,Ca,Mg,Al,C,Zn,H2,Fe,Sn,Pb---they react with acid
K,Na,Ca---+H2O---> metal hydroxide/alkali + Hydrogen gas
Al,C,Zn,H2,Fe---+ H2O--->metal oxide + Hydrogen gas
Cu,Ag,An---they do not react with acid