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Plastics (Properties os plastics (Electrical: Electrical insulation.,…
Plastics
Properties os plastics
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Mechanical: Malleability, ductility, mechanical resistance.
Other properties: Low density, impermeability.
Formation techniques
Lamination
With this technique, we can produce to different finishes, for example, glossy, matt or textured. This depends on the outer coatingapplied by the final cylinder. It is used to form worktops, to cover surfaces of kitchen cupboards and drawers.
Vacuum forming
We use plastic sheets with a large surface for this technique. This technique is used to form bathtubs, dashboards, shop signs and egg boxes. It is used to form bathtubs, dashboards, shop signs and egg boxes.
Extrusion
This technique is used to form wrapping, lining for electric cables, tubes and pipes. It have four stages.
Moulding
There are three principal techiques: injection, blow moulding and compression.
Blow moulding
This technique is used to form hollow objects, for example bottles and flasks.
Compression
This technique is used to form different types of containers, machine bodywork and electrical appliances.
Injection
This technique is used to form domestic utensils such as buckects and containers, vehicle and components.
Ecological properties
Energetic recycling
We can incinerate plastics and the energy that is produced is used in industry, for heating or producing electricity.
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Classification
Thermostable plastics
These plastics are made from compounds derived from petroleum. They are formed by strongly-linked chains running in different directions.
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Elastomers
They're formed by chains linked laterally and then folded over themselves, like a ball of wool or string. They are hard, resistant and very elastic- stretching easily under force.
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Thermoplastics
We manufacture thermoplastics from compounds acquired from petroleum. They' re made up of weakly formed molecular chains. The heating and cooling process can be repeated many times.
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Polimenerisation
During the manufacturing process, we can add materials such as fibreglass, textile fibres, paper, silica and sawdust to reduce production costs, and to develop certain characteristics.
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Types of plastics
Synthetic plastics
They are made from compounds extracted from petroleum, natural gas and carbon. The maointy of plastics belong to this group.
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Natural plastics
They are obtained directly from raw vegetable materials, for example, cellulose, latex or from animal proteins.
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Definition
Plastics are polymeric materials that has the capability of being molded or shaped, usually by the application of heat and pressure.
