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Chemistry-Atoms (Electron Structure (1st Electron Shell holds two…
Chemistry-Atoms
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History of the Atom
John Dalton was the first modern scientist to work on the atom. He took from the Greek philosopher idea of the atom. He thought atoms were like billiard balls.
James Thomson came up with the plum pudding model of the atom. The 'pudding' of the atom was positively charged and the 'plums' or electrons were negatively charge.
Ernest Rutherford discovered that the plum pudding model was wrong with his famous alpha particle experiment. He came up with the nuclear model. The idea that a positively charged centre of mass was in the middle and a negative cloud surrounding them.
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James Chadwick discovered the neutron existed which was incredibly hard as it has no charge and only mass.
Separation Techniques :
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Filtration
To separate a insoluble substance is in a solvent, you would pour the solution through filtration paper. the solvent passes through however the insoluble substance doesn't
Distillation
To get a liquid from a solution, you heat the solution, Different solutions evaporate at different temperatures. A single type of vapour travels up and down the condensing tube. Tube ha cold water being pumped around it. The vapour condenses and turns back into a liquid then being collected in another flask.
Chromatography
To separate dyes out of inks, you would use chromatography. You put chromatography paper. Different types of dyes travel up the paper at different speeds.
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Isotope
A isotope is an atom that has the same number of protons and electrons but has a different number of neutrons.