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Periodontium:GAPC Gingiva, PDL, Cementum Alveolar bone (Gingiva-…
Periodontium:GAPC Gingiva, PDL, Cementum Alveolar bone
1999 Classifications
Vitamin C: ascorbic acid/ scurvy
Kwashiorkor: Protein deficiency
Progesterone- prevotella intermedia, campylobacter rectus
Diabetes: blood dyscrasias
Gingiva- Keratinized, thick, "orange peel" Free gingiva is NOT stippled
INFLAMMATION
ACUTE (VASCULAR): Rapid development, obvious, pain, red/bleeding
CHRONIC (CELLULAR): Slow development, may appear normal with stippling, not very painful, in denial
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THE MOST OBVIOUS RESULTS OF VASODILATION OF PERIPHERAL CIRCULATION IS EDEMA
FIBROTIC Pallor: HALLMARK SIGN OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, tissue is highly stippled due to cellular and fibrous components
Cementum- Calcified/mineralized tissue layer that covers roots, thickest at apex of root, thinnest at CEJ, similar density to bone but does not have blood/nerve supply
Provides attachment for sharpeys fibers
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PDL- maintains the position of tissue, shock absorber for nerves/vessels, procioperception pain/pressure/touch, Nutrients, resists the impact of occlusal forces, transmits forces to the bone, attach teeth to bone
SHARPEYS FIBERS- collagen fibers that attach cementum to bone
Transeptal- interproximal over alveolar crest, imbed in cementum of 2 adjacent teeth: ORTHO
Alveolar Crest- extend from cementum to alveolar bone
Oblique- LARGEST & MOST SIGNIFICANT extends coronally from cementum to bone
Horizontal- extent at 90 degree right angels to long axis of the tooth
Apical- extend from apical aspect of cementum to base tooth socket
Interradicular Fibers- in between cementum and bone of multirooted teeth in areas of furcation
Cells of the PDL:
Fibroblast: most common, collagen synthesis& degradation
Odontoblast: build bone
Odontoclast: degrade bone
Cementoblast: build cementum
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