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IDEALISM AND EDUCATION (Critique of idealism in education (idealism is…
IDEALISM AND EDUCATION
Introduction
- The oldest systematic philosophy in Western Culture which was developed by Plato
- Idealists trust that ideas are the true reality whereas the material world are portrayed as changing and unstable.
- These exploration of point of views can be categorised as three areas : Platonic Idealism,Religious Idealism and Modern Idealism (with their characteristics)
- Socrates
- Challenged the material concerns of the comtemporaries.
- Questions the others about their "unexamined" lifestyle.
- Assume himself as a kind of person who criticize others and stimulated them into thinking.
- He was also brought to trials for his beliefs.
- Approched his ideas through question & answer base
Platonic Idealism
- An admirer of Socrates ,largely known for his writings in which Socrates was his idol in all of his works.
- According to Plato,only truth is perfect and eternal hence cannot be found in this world of materials which is changing and imperfect.
- An example of this is Mathematics,which shows that eternal truths are possible.
- The search of the truths
should never be failed no matter in any field such as society,politics and education.
-The Republic
- Plato wrote about the separation of the world of material and ideas.
- People need to overlook on the issue and find the truth in order to find the solution
- Allergy of Cave
- We ourselves are are living in a cave of shadows and illusions.The day we start to loosen ourselves from those chains,it is the beginning of the education.
In Plato's view,people cant create knowledge but can discover them.
- A leader should have no interest on materials but do things in sense of duty or responsibilities.
- Plato influenced all philosophers about his tremendous ideas.
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Modern Idealism
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RENE DESCARTES
He contributed much to philosophical realism and other thought system.For current purposes, the significant works of Decartes be considered are his celebrated Discourse on method and meditations on first philosophy.
George Berkeley (1685-1753 C.E)
• all existence depends on some mind to know it:
if no minds exist, then for all intents and purposes nothing exists unless it is perceived by the mind of God.
• Philosophical realism - that material world exists independent of mind
IMMANUAL KANT
DAVID HUME
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- Cause & effort must be contiguous in space & time
- Cause must occur prior to effort
- There must be a constant connection between cause & effect.
- so, basic mechanisms of association formation may have just as much to say about causality detection in
human beings as they do about conditioning in animals.
- the purpose of this lesson is we should have a brief idea of how moral thought has developed over a perid of time
- he encounters that, the moral law which itself does not require a justification, proves not merely the possibility if freedom but that really belongs to beings who recognize this law as binding on themselves.
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Friedrice hegel - he has been called the " Aristotle " of modern times, & he used his system of dialecticts to explain the whole of the history of philosophy, science, art, politics & religion.
- he said that, he believes that we are born lacking self-conciousness then come to awareness of ourselves as self.So, what is the process of becoming the self?
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Josiah royce - he discovered the external meaning of a thing depends entirely on its internal meaning " embodiment of purpose".
- " ideas are essentially purposes or plans of action & that the fulfilment of ideas is found when they are put into action.
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