Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Leaves (External Structure of Foliage Leaves (Petiole (Leaf Flutter (Keeps…
Leaves
External Structure of Foliage Leaves
Functions
Photosynthesis
Large Surface Area
Maximum Light Exposure
Retain Water
Protect
Leaf Blade
Lamina
Light-Harvesting Portion
Dorsal Surface
Lower Portion
Large Veins
Abaxial Side
Ventral Surface
Adaxial Side
Smooth
Upper Side
Petiole
Holds Blade in Light
Stalk
Prevents Shading
Leaf Flutter
Keeps Bugs Off
Cools Leaf
Brings Fresh Air
Petoliate Leaf
Sessile Leaf
No Petiole Present
Small, Long Leaves
Sheathing Leaf Base
Leaf Based Wrapped Around Stem
Flex and Flutter
No Petiole
Simple Leaf
One Part
Smooth Air Flow
Lots of Photosynthetic Cells
Compound Leaf
Leaflets
Smalls Blades
Attached to a Petiolule
Palmately
Leaflets Attached to Same Point
Pinnately
Leaflets Attached Individually
Allows Turbulance
Brings Carbon Dioxide
Barrier Against Insects
Juvenile Leaves Differ from Adults
Abscission Zone
Cuts Off Useless Leaves
Other Leaf Types Morphology and Anatomy
Succulent Leaves
Desert Habitat
Thick and Fleshy
Water Conservation
Reduces Surface-to-Volume Ratio
Cylindrical or Spherical Shapes
Few Air Spaces in Meosphyll
Reduces Internal Evaporative Air Space
More Transparent
Deep Photosynthesis
Sclerophyllous Foliage Leaves
Extended Lifetime
Prolonged Productivity
Feasible
Very Resistant
Very Thick Cuticle
Conifer Leaves
Sclerophyll Leaves
Unpalatable Chemicals
Simple
Long or Short Needles
Perennial Leaves
New Phloem Each Year
Bud Scales
Tight Layer Around Stem Tip
Protect Dormant Shoot Apical Meristems
Perennial Plants
Serves to Protect
Small and Usually Simple
Short or Absent Petiole
Tougher and Waxier
Can Produce Corky Bark
Spines
Modified Leaves
Protective Feature
No Blade, Needle Shaped
No Lamina Formation
No Vascular Tissue
Closely Packed Fibers
Cells Dead and Dried
Tendrils
Modified Leaves
Grow Indefinitely
Cells Sense Contact
No Lamina
Sense and Grow Around Solid Objects
Kranz Anatomy
C4 Photosynthesis
Lack Palisade Parenchyma and Spongy Mesophyll
Prominent Bundle Sheaths
Large Chlorophyllous Cells
Carbon Dioxide Transport
Insect Traps
Poor Nitrate and Ammonia Habitats
Digestion of Insects
Provides Nitrogen
Trap Leaves
Active
Move During Capture
Passive
No Movement
Similar to Foliage Leaves
Thin
Parenchymatous
Photosynthetic
Stomata
Vascular Bundles
Tubular Lamina
Absorptive Epidermis
Internal Structure of Foliage Leaves
Epidermis
Transpiration
Water Loss
Serious Problem
Water Proof
Allow Carbon Dioxide In
Cells
Epidermal
Flat, Tubular
Guard Cells
Trichomes
Provides Shade
Prevent Rapid Air Movement
Ward off Insects
Can Be Poisonous
Stomata
Mostly Lower Side
Sunken in Epidermal Cavities
Coating of Cutin and Wax
Retain Water
Make Fungal Digestion Hard
Mesophyll
Ground Tissues Interior of Epidermis
Palisade Parenchyma
Main Photosynthetic Tissue
Slightly Separated Cells
Upper Surface of Leaf
Some Have Only This
Vertical Leaves
Horizontal Leaves
Spongy Mesophyll
Lower Portion of Leaf
Loose Aerenchyma
Rapid Carbon Dioxide Diffusion
Some Don't Have This
Horizontal Leaves
Vascular Tissues
Between Palisade Parenchyma and Spongy Mesophyll
Midrib
Eudicot Leaves
A.K.A Midvein
Lateral Veins
Branched Minor Veins
Release Water From Xylem
Load Sugar into Phloem
Material Exchange
Conduction
Bundle Sheath
Many Fibers in a Sheath
Hard to Chew
Bundle Sheath Extensions
Mass of Fibers near Veins
Give Rigidity to Blade
Helps Move Water
Petiole
Transition Between Stem and Lamina
Epidermis
Few Stomata and Trichomes
Mesophyll
Like a Cortex
Lots of Collenchyma
Vascular Tissues
Variable
Leaf Traces
Can Fuse or Branch
Multiple Patterns
No Known Significance
Stipules
Two Small Flaps
Protect Shoot Apical Meristem
Die Early
Photosynthesis
Leaf Development and Initiation
Basal Angiosperms and Eudicots
Leaf Primordium
Protoderm Cell Protrusion
Narrow Cone
Rapid Growth
Leaf Protoderm
Leaf Ground Meristem
Meristematic Cells
Cells Grow Outward
Creates Lamina
Small Thin Wings Produced
Meristematic Cells
Monocots
Formation of Leaf Primordium
Apical Meristem Cells Grow Upwards
Gives Hood-Like Shaped
Primordium Becomes Cylindrical
Encircles Apical Meristem
Lamina Created
Can Be Broad
No Predetermined Size
Grows By Meristem
Next Leaf Primordium Developed
Leaves Develop One By One
Protoxylem and Protophloem Constantly Stretched
