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Bill of Rights (First Amendment (Freedom of Assembly: can be in large…
Bill of Rights
First Amendment
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Everson v. Board of Education: was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court which applied the Establishment Clause in the country's Bill of Rights to State law.
Wisconsin v. Jonas Yoder: is the case in which the United States Supreme Court found that Amish children could not be placed under compulsory education past 8th grade
Fifth Amendment
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Miranda vs. Arizona: the Supreme Court ruled that detained criminal suspects, prior to police questioning, must be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney and against self-incrimination.
If you are charged for a crime, you must be informed by a Grand Jury.
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Sixth Amendment
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Gideon vs. Wainwright: Gideon argued that he did not have a fair trial because he had not been given a lawyer to help him with his defense. The Court held that the Sixth Amendment’s protection of the right to counsel meant that the government must provide an attorney for accused persons who cannot afford one at public expense.
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Cunningham vs. California: John Cunningham, a former police officer, was convicted of continuous sexual abuse of his young son. Under California's Determinate Sentencing Law, the trial judge can choose between three possible sentences for a given crime: a minimum, medium, and maximum sentence.
Second Amendment
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District of Columbia vs. Heller: Provisions of the District of Columbia Code made it illegal to carry an unregistered firearm and prohibited the registration of handguns, though the chief of police could issue one-year licenses for handguns
"A well-regulated militia, being unnecessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to bear arms shall be infringed."
McDonald vs. Chicago: Several suits were filed against Chicago and Oak Park in Illinois challenging their gun bans after the Supreme Court issued its opinion in District of Columbia v. Heller
Fourth Amendment
Police need the following to search your house: probable cause, warrant given by judge, they can only search for what warrant says and only search in the place the warrant says to.
Weeks vs. United States: Police entered the home of Fremont Weeks and seized papers which were used to convict him of transporting lottery tickets through the mail. This was done without a search warrant. Weeks took action against the police and petitioned for the return of his private possessions.
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures.
Arizona vs. Gant: Rodney Gant was apprehended by Arizona state police on an outstanding warrant for driving with a suspended license.
Eighth Amendment
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Cregg vs. Georgia: A jury found Gregg guilty of armed robbery and murder and sentenced him to death. On appeal, the Georgia Supreme Court affirmed the death sentence except as to its imposition for the robbery conviction. Gregg challenged his remaining death sentence for murder, claiming that his capital sentence was a "cruel and unusual" punishment that violated the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.
Tenth Amendment:
Federalism: is a system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government.
If the federal and state government does not prohibit something, that the people are allowed to prohibit it.
Ninth Amendment:
People have rights that are not written in the Constitution, these rights are agrees by the States.
Roe vs. Wade: Roe, a Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life.
Third Amendment
Government cannot force you to shelter soldiers in your home without your consent in time of war or peace.
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