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The Human Body: Reading the map (Directional terms (inferior-caudal- away…
The Human Body: Reading the map
Directional terms
inferior-caudal- away from head/ toward lower part of body
superior- cranial/ cephalic- towards head or upper body
medial
lateral
anterior
posterior
dorsal
frontal
proximal
distal
external
internal
superficial
deep
central
peripheral
Cavities
thoracic
contains heart, lungs, large blood vessels
abdominopelvic
pelvic- lower portion of abdominopelvic: urinary organs, reproductive, large large intestine
Dorsal: cranial and spinal
vertebra protects the spinal cord
skull protects brain
nasal
buccal
orbital
middle ear cavities
Sections
Regions
Location of pain can be determining factor in a diagnosis
Positions
Prone- laying face downward on stomach
Supine- laying face upward on your back
Fowlers- sitting in bed with head of bed elevated
45-60 degrees
Trendelenburg
ORHTOSTATIC HYPOTENSION- dizziness from sitting to standing, heart cannot compensate for extra work against gravity standing requires
Planes
Transverse/horizontal
median/ midsagittal
mediastinum- separates the lungs into LT and RT cavities within the thoracic cavity
pericardial cavity holds the heart
abdominopelvic has two
abdominal
pelvic
contains digestive organs- stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen
HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCE: when the body is subjected to trauma, the most vulnerable organs are those in the abdominal cavity
Abdomen regions
