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motion (velocity- time graphs: (finding displacement/distance from a…
motion
velocity- time graphs:
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- the gradient = the acceleration
- a straight (diagonal line) means
the object is accelerating at a constant rate
types of motion: - constant acceleration
(because the gradient is constant and positive) - constant deceleration
(because the gradient is constant and negative)
- constant acceleration in the opp. direction / velocity is increasing in the opp. direction
(because the gradient is constant, there is a negative slope & is past/ under the X axis)
- constant velocity
(because gradient / acceleration are not increasing or decreasing - straight line not on the x axis)- stationary
(because there is no velocity &no gradient & it stays on zero)
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speed & velocity (v)
speed: how fast of slow something moves
- distance traveled in a certain time
(usually seconds or minutes)
- speed has size
km/h
m/h
-
constant speed:travels at the same speed constantly
- a speed where the same distance is travelled every second
3sec - 3sec - 3sec - 3sec
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velocity: speed in a particular direction
- velocity is a vector quantity
- velocity has size and direction
velocity(v) = displacement (d) -devided- time (t)
velocity is negative,
when the object has turned around and is travelling in the opposite direction to that in witch it started
velocity is positive,
when moving in the same direction as the initial direction
displacement-time graph:
the gradient of a displacement-time graph gives you the velocity gradient = velocity
gradient = slope or steepness
gradient = rise/run(opposite displacement = opposite direction)3 types of motion:
- acceleration
- decceleration
- stationary
- constant velocity
- constant velocity in opposite
direction / negative
calculating instantaneous velocity:
instantaneous velocity is the gradient of a tangent to the graph at one instant
- tangents only touch at one point
(that point is the instantaneous velocity)
- draw a tangent & use that gradient
gradient = rise/run
Acceleration (constant acceleration):
Acceleration is how much the speed changes per second
- acceleration is the change in velocity/speed
- acceleration is positive (+) if the velocity is increasing
& negative (-) if it's decreasing (deceleration)
^V = V/f - V2
(object is gaining/loosing velocity)
a = ^V/t
(how long the change in velocity takes)^ (triangle) = change
V/f = final velocity (ms-1)
V2 = initial velocity (ms-1)
t = time taken
a = acceeration (ms-2)