Chapter 4
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Specialized Structures
Classification
Functions
Characteristics
Types
Surface Features
Characteristics
Functions
Classification
Muscle Tissue Types
Neurons- specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses
Glia Cells- surround neurons and provide support for and insulation between them
Cellularity- composed almost entirely of cells
Attachment to basement membrane- bound to complex molecules produced by underlying connective tissue
Polarity- apical surfaces
Avascularity- lack blood cells
Squamous- flat, wide cells
Cuboidal- cells as tall as they are wide
Columnar- slender, tall cells
Physical Protection-Protect internal and exposed surfaces
Selective Permeability- All substances leaving/entering body must pass through epithelium
Secretion- Exocrine Glands are specialized to secrete
Sensation- innervated by nerve endings to detect changes in external environment
Basement Membrane
Laminae
Reticular Lamina
Tight/Adhering Junctions
Desmosomes
Simple Epithelial- one cell layer thick
Stratified Epithelium- Two of more cell layers thick
Psuedostratified Epithelial- appears layered but is not
Innervation- richly innervated to detect changes in the environment
High regeneration capacity- regenerate quickly when damaged
Physical protection- protects and cages organs
Support and Structural Framework- provides bone framework
Binding- binds structures to ligaments, muscles, and bones
Storage- stores energy
Transport- carries nutrients, gases, hormones, waste, ect
Immune Protection- contains white blood cells
Connective Tissue Proper
Supporting Connective Tissue
Fluid Connective Tissue
Types of connective tissues are complex, but contain three basic components: cells, protein fibers, and ground substances
Cardiac Muscle- involuntary muscle which maintains cardiac functions
Smooth- involuntary muscle that lines many organs such as the stomach and intestine
Skeletal- involuntary muscles responsible for movement
Simple Squamous Epithelium
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Simple Columnar Epithelium
Psuedostratified columnar epithelium
Stratified Squamous Epitheium
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
Lateral- adhesion protiens (ex. tongue)
Basal Surfaces- noncellular sheet of protein
Apical- contains microvili, cila, and flagellum