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Anatomy and physiology of of the male reproductive system (The testes…
Anatomy and physiology of of the male reproductive system
The testes
Testes are two ovoid glands that are formed during the embryonic stage of the development in the abdominal cavity beyond the peritoneum. Testes descent is held with the blood vessels , lymphatic vessels, nerves and ducts that form the male specimen cord.
Testes are covered by the tunica vaginalis.
Testes consist of the numerous seminiferous tubules in which the spermatozoa and sex hormones form. When they are formed they are transmitted to epididymis, and then to vas deferens .the vas deferens is a continuation of epididymis it is a firm ,tubular structure that passes upward to enter the abdominal cavity behind the peritoneum at deep inguinal ring and extend downward to the bladder base.to rectum into the seminal vesicles (testes secretion reservoir )
The seminal vesicles the extend to the vas deferens then continue as the ejaculatory duct through the prostate gland into the urethra which is the opening tip of the penis
Testes it function is to produce sperms and male sex hormone which induces and preseves the male sex characteristics .testes are protected by the scrotum
The outside location allow maintenance of the temperature lower than the body
The prostate gland
Prostate gland shape size and shape of a chestnut it lies below the neck of the bladder, it is flattered coned shape it is situated in the pelvis about 2 cm posterior to the symphysis pubis.
The prostate is invected so that it apex is inferior and it base is superior around the bladder neck ,anterior to rectal. posterior surface is close contact to rectal wall
The prostate gland is traversed by the urethra and the ejaculatory ducts
The prostate secretes a thin alkaline substance that form part of the seminal fluid. This alkalinity help to protect the sperm from the acid in the female vagina during coitus, begin the prostatic enlargement compresses the urethra
The Male urethra
This is about 20 cm long it extends from the neck of the bladder through the prostate gland along the length of the penis and open at the distal end of the penis .it conveys urine from the bladder and spermatozoa ,seminal fluid and prostatic fluid during sexual intercourse
the penis
The penis is the male sex organ, reaching its full size during puberty. In addition to its sexual function, the penis acts as a conduit for urine to leave the body.
The penis is made of several parts:
Glans (head) of the penis: In uncircumcised men, the glans is covered with pink, moist tissue called mucosa. Covering the glans is the foreskin (prepuce). In circumcised men, the foreskin is surgically removed and the mucosa on the glans transforms into dry skin.
Corpus cavernosum: Two columns of tissue running along the sides of the penis. Blood fills this tissue to cause an erection.
Corpus spongiosum: A column of sponge-like tissue running along the front of the penis and ending at the glans penis; it fills with blood during an erection
The urethra runs through the corpus spongiosum, conducting urine out of the body.
An erection results from changes in blood flow in the penis. When a man becomes sexually aroused, nerves cause penis blood vessels to expand. More blood flows in and less flows out of the penis, hardening the tissue in the corpus cavernosum.
