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MUSCULO-SKELETAL DISORDERS (CLASSIFICATION OF MUSCULO-SKELETAL DISORDERS…
MUSCULO-SKELETAL DISORDERS
CLASSIFICATION OF MUSCULO-SKELETAL DISORDERS
CONGENITAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITIES - these are structural abnormalities that are present at birth or may develop as the person grows
TRAUMA- soft tissues injuries, contusions, sprains, strains, dislocations, subluxations, carpel tunnel syndrome, bursitis bone fractures
INFECTION- osteomyelitis
INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISORDERS- arthritis for example oesteoarthritis , rheumatic arthritis. inflammation of soft tissues for example cellulitis
METABOLIC DISORDERS- osteomalacia, asteoporosis, Paget's diseases-osteitis deformans, gout.
TUMOURS- soft tissue and bone tumours such as multiple myeloma, osteogenic sarcoma, osteoclama and Ewing's sarcoma
MISCELLANEOUS- sensory disturbance and muscle weakness, myasthenia gravis and backache
RISK FACTORS RELATED TO THE DISORDERS OF MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM
AGE
muscle - both young and old are at risk of musculo-skeletal disorders
for elderly the degenerative process results in muscles that gradually loose elasticity and tone are not strong enough to provide needed support which makes them prone to injuries
ligaments- became more lax and weak resulting in the inability to maintain posture especially around joints resulting in dislocation
bones - gradual loss of bone mass with age, in women the decrease of oestrogen impacts negatively on bone density, hence osteoporosis with menopouse.
joints - with age there is progressive deterioration of articular cartilage resulting in joint pain and stiffiness
HEALTH STATUS
chronic illness results in muscular weakness, this is due to reduced exercise and poor eating in ill health
LIFESTYLE
lifestyle that does not include adequate exercise results in a bad posture and weakened musculature
OCCUPATION
occupations expose workers to muscle strains such as carrying heavy loads or having to sit in one position for long periods of time
DIET
lack of necessary nutrients such as calcium for bone formation and muscle contraction results in weakened musculature.
GENETICS
congenital musculo-skeletal disorders are influenced by genes, for example osteogenesis imperfectata and clubfoot