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Ch. 5 Tissues and Primary Growth of Stems (External Organs of Stems (Nodes…
Ch. 5 Tissues and Primary Growth of Stems
Basic Types of Cells and Tissues
Parenchyma
Most abundant, Soft part of plants.
Subtypes of parenchyma
Glandular Cells involve secretion, and transform sugars and minerals and transport them out.
Chlorenchyma cells involved in photosynthesis have thin walls that allow co2 and light to pass through.
Transport cells mediate short-distance transport by plasma membrane. Molecular pumping.
Collenchyma
Thin, primary walls that become thicker in some areas for support.
Usually produced in shoot tips.
Sclerenchyma
elastic, support.
Two Types: 1)Fibers: Sclereids: hard surfaces
External Organs of Stems
Nodes are where leaves attatch.
Phyllotaxy prevent leaves from shading each other.
Rhizomes allow a plant to spread underground.
Trunks, main shoot allowing for more sunlight.
Internal Organs of Stems
Arrangement of Primary Tissues
Epidermis in plants are single layer of parenchyma cells.
Cortex homogeneous, and compact.
Vascular Tissues is necessary when diffusion is too slow. Two types, Xylem and Phloem.
Vascular Bundles are collateral of xylem and phloem
Xylem Conducts water, and minerals
Phloem distribution of sugars and minerals
Stem Growth & Differentiation
Apical meristems where stems grow.
daughter cells grow and push meristem up.
Subapical stems continue to grow.
Protoxylem cells are dead, but stretchy.
