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Chapter 10 Energy, Metabolism, Photosynthesis (Photosynthesis (photosystem…

- - - - energized pigments are very large molecules which makes them harder to work with, not very mobile
      - First: pigments are allowed to enter each and every reaction that takes place
      - Second: Take the energized pigments and break them down in order to move them easily #
        
        Doing this allows several things:
        
        uses the light energy, called photophosphorylation
        
        ATP production which is then converted into ADP
        
        Different types of phosphorylation:
        
        substrate-level phosphorlation: fungi, animals, nonchlorophyllous
        
        oxidative phosphorylation: chloroplast
  - - - small protein, carries electron on the metal atoms
      - can only move short distances within the chloroplast
    - - hydrocarbon tail=hydrophobic
      - it transports e- over short distances
      - picks up two e- to bind to 2 protons
    - - carries electrons only between sites that are close together
      - integral part of chloroplasts thylakoid membrane
      - cofactors, a heme which holds iron atoms
- - - - Light released by pigments
      - pigment absorption spectrum, absorption in different wave lengths more prominent
      - quanta
      - action spectrum
      - photons
  - - - a small protein
      - ferredoxin-NADP reductase, an enzyme, that reduces NADP
    - - produces NADPH
        
        losing electrons
  - - - the reducing agent of NADPH
        
        electrons onto carbon of CO2, and stoma reactions are endothermic
- - - - temperate and tropical plants
        
        These plants have leaves that: prevent water loss, increased absorption, and they have tight intercellular spaces
  - - - Duration
        
        Hours per day that sunlight is present
      - quality
        
        the wavelength and colors
      - Light intensity #
  - - - Photorespiration
        
        energy wasting, breaks down phosphoglycolate
      - RuBp
        
        Enzyme that picks up O2, uses 30% of ATP and NADPH
      - Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
        
        CO2 is too small, not efficient, conservation improves
      - PEP
        
        Enzyme with an affinity for CO2
      - H2O lost per molecule of Co2, Co2 diffuses into leaf