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GCSE (History (non GCSE) (Hitlers rise to power (1933 hitler becomes…
GCSE
History (non GCSE)
Ww1
Treaty of Versailles
A punishment to Germany
Held them responsible for the war
Gave them a 6.6 billion pound fine paid in gold
Took 1/8 of their land
Soldiers not allowed in Rhineland
Army limited to 100000 men and 6 Naval ships
Stab in the back
It was the fault of the German politicians (November criminals) but the government blamed it on the jews
Jews were blamed as they stopped the battles being fought in germany to protect their factories
Hitlers rise to power
1933 hitler becomes chancellor
27th feb communist marinus van der lubbe caused the Reischtag fire
The Enabling Act
Hitler banned all opposing parties
Geography
Yr9
International Development
English
Yr9
MacBeth
Science
Yr9
Biology
Cells
Nuclei
Chromosomes
46 per cell
DNA
Genes
Carry characteristics from both parents
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Gametes
Chromosomes
23 per cell
Zygotes
Physics
Technology
Waves
Mobile phones
Data
A 1 or 0 is a bit (binary digit) 8 bits is a byte. 1000 bytes = 1 kilobyte. 1000 kilobytes = 1 megabyte. 1000 megabytes = 1 gigabyte, then terabyte, petabyte, exabyte, zettabyte, yottabyte, brontobyte, gegobyte
when you speak into your phone a microphone detects what you say and converts the sound into an electrical signal.
The electrical signal is analogue and can have any value. Your phone then converts the analogue signal into a digital signal by converting it into a binary number.
Your friend's phone receives the signal and converts it back to analogue which is sent to the phone's speaker. Your friend can here your voice.
Digital signals are a lot cleaner than analogue signals.
electromagnetic spectrum
radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet, xrays, gamma rays radio waves have to lower frequency and gamma rays have the highest frequency.
xrays
bones absorb xrays
muscle and organs don't absorb xrays
this creates a picture of inside the body
Lights
Incandescent lights
Got incredibly hot
werent efficient as most of the energy dissipated
10% efficient
Light emitting diodes
30% efficient
Efficiency
power out x 100/power in
Components
Light dependent resistors
Can be useful for saving electricity in rooms
Thermistor
Resistance changes with temperature
Used to maintain temperature
Hospitals
Pacemakers
Ventilators
Defibrilators
Endoscope
Internal reflection
Optical fibres
ultrasound
for clear images of internal organs
magnetic resonance imaging
shows detailed images of the entire body
sport
projectile motion
cameras take photos of the ball many times a second
work out landing point from speed and angle
reaction time
light gates produce more precise results than a stopwatch
most people's reaction times are 0.2 seconds
Electricity
Higher demand in the future
high usage could cause climate change, pollution and environmental impact
renewable and non renewable
renewable resources
turbines
wind
waves
geothermal
solar
absorbs light
could be very useful in the future
fusion
nuclear fusion
2 more items...
coal, gas, oil
bad for the environment
The Universe
Earth
false beliefs
eclipses
the sun was swallowed be gods or monsters
flat earth
on the back of a turtle
Europe believed in a spherical earth by 300 BC but the Chinese believed the Earth was flat until 1600 AD
supported by pillars
gravity
Bhaskaracharya thought that Earth attracted the moon with a force 500 years before Isaac Newton discovered gravity
Newtons idea used equations and was more powerful as it could be used to make predictions
Sattelites
Geostationary
36000 km away from Earth on a spot above the equator
can broadcast TV signals
Low Earth orbit
ISS
below 1000 km away
some are polar orbits
The are positioned in space by being attached to rocket
solar system
models
geocentric
what it explained
everything moved around Earth
the Earth was at the centre of the universe
what it didn't explain
retrograde motion
2 more items...
heliocentric
correct model
sun at the center, planets orbit the sun, explains retrograde motion
tehnology
telescopes
Galileo used one to discover Jupiter's Galilean moons
birth
The Big Bang
the universe keeps expanding
the universe expanded from something smaller than an atom
explains why galaxies are moving apart
happened 14 billion years ago
after the big bang
150 million years after the big bang, the first stars started to appear
after billions of years, galaxies started to form
the solar system form 5 billion years ago
Earth life started 4 billion years ago
dinosaus lived from 200 million to 65 million years ago
humans have lived for less than half a million years
Space missions
There have been more missions to the moon than any other planet
Missions has gone to every planet in the solar system, including the Sun
Missions to Mars have collected rocks and scientific data
Most voyages are for taking photographs
Solar flares could damage systems
99.9% reliable
technology such as computer programs, liquid cooled suits, shock absorbent materials, baby formula and water filters were based on technology used in the Apollo missions
Radioactivity
Henri Becquerel
The curies discovered Radium and Polonium
invisible waves are given off by radioactive elements
alpha, beta and gamma
gamma
wave of the electromagnetic spectrum
beta
electrons
alpha
made of the nuclei of helium atoms
half-life
polonium's half-life is 4.5 months whereas some radioactive materials have a half-life of millions of years
disease
people claimed that radiation could cure disease
in 1932 a famous American golfer died of cancer because of eating radium
radiation causes mutations in the cells which can cause cancer
medical
radiation was used to sterilise medical equipment and food
radiotherapy can be used to treat cancers
Electromagnetism
Hans Christian Oersted discovered electromagnetism in 1820
Michael Faraday noticed that if you move a magnet into a coil of wire it creates a potential difference. This is called electromagnetic induction. If you connect a meter the circuit will be complete
alternating current
produces a changing magnetic field
if there is a coil or a piece of metal nearby the current will flow through it
inductions hob use it
messages
150 years ago it took 10 days to send a message from the UK toAmerica
in 1866 you could use Morse code and send 8 words per minute
1873 James Maxwell thought about using electromagnetism
Hertz made a transmitter that produced radio waves which could travel several meters
frequency
30-300HZ = communication with submarines
300-3000HZ = communication within mine
3-30kHZ = navigation, time signals, wireless heart rate monitors
30-300kHZ = AM long wave broadcasting, amateur radio
300-3000kHZ = AM medium wave broadcasting, avalanche beacons
3-30MHZ = citizen's band radio
30-300MHZ = FM radio, TV broadcasts
300-3000MHZ = microwave ovens, microwave appliances/communications, radio astronomy, mobile phones, WiFi, Bluetooth, GPS
3-30GHZ = radar, communication satellites, satellite TV broadcasting
French
Verbs
Regular
er verbs
e.g. chanter
je chante
tu chante
il/elle/on chante
nous chantons
vous chantez
ils.elles chantent
ir verbs
e.g. choisir
je choisis
tu choisis
il/elle/on choisit
nous choisissons
vous choisissez
ils/elles choisissent
re verbs
e.g. attendre
j'attends
tu attends
il/elle/on attend
nous attendons
vous attendez
ils/elles attendent