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The Cardio Vascular System! : (Clinical Mumbojumbo (Terms) relating to the…
The Cardio Vascular System! :
Anatomy of the Heart
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External Structures
Apex
Auricles (ears)
Anterior interventricular Sulcus
Anterior interventricular artery
Base
Left Coronary Sulcus
Left Coronary Artery
Circumflex Artery
Right Coronary Sulcus
Right Coronary Artery
Ligamentum Arteriosum
Internal Structures
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Atria
Ventricles
Valves
Aortic Semilunar
Pulmonary Semilunar
Tricuspid Atrioventricular Valve
Bicuspid(Mitral) Atrioventricular Valve
Interatrial Septum
Interventricular Septum
Chordea Tendineae
Fossa Ovalis
Location
Ventral Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Pericardial Cavity
(inferior mediastinal cavity)
Membrane Has 2 Layers!
Serous Pericardium
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( Two Layers)
Secrets pericardial fluid that fills PcC and reduces friction so the heart is not damaged while moving in the cavity
Parietal layer
-contacts Fiberous Pericardium
Visceral Layer- Connects to heart outer surface (Epicardium)
Fiberous Pericardium (DICT)
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Anchors Heart to surrounding structures
Heart Wall Layers
Myocardium
Middle layer made up of cardiac muscle tissue responsible for systole of the heart
Endocardium
Inner most layer made of endothelial tissue connected to a thin layer of areolar CT. Decreases the friction(resistance) of blood flow through the heart and inhibits platlet activation.
Epicardium
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Outermost layer
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Cardiac Muscle Contractions
Unlike skeletal muscle contractions Cardiac contractions are self-stimulating. Each cell in the heart can depolarize itself.
Cardiac muscle also always contracts at once because it does not contain motor units like skeletal muscle which allow for varying degrees of contractions.
Cardiac muscle cells ONLY use aerobic respiration they do not not have the ability to function anaerobically like skeletal muscle pals.
Intrinsic Electrical conduction
Conduction begins In the
sinoatrial (SA) Node
in the superolateral region of the right atrial. the depolarization of these cells cause the atrials to contract.
Atrioventricular (AV) node
. located in the in the inferiomedial region of the right atrium. Delays the chain of depolarization( less gap Junctions) so that the atria can finish contacting before the ventricles depolarize.
Atrioventricular (AV) Bundle
- located at the superior portion of the interventricular septum
Left Bundle Branch
Right Bundle Branc
h
Subendocardial conducting network (SCN) A.K.A. Purkinje Fibers
depolerize causing the Left and Right Ventricles to contract
Internoadal pathway
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The Cardiac Cycle and ECG
P-Wave -Atrial Depolerization
PQ Segment- atrial Systole
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Q
R
S
T-Wave-ventrical Repolerization
QT Interval- vent. depol,contract, and repol
2 more items...
ST Segment- Ventricle Systole
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Clinical Mumbojumbo (Terms) relating to the function of the heart
Heart break
Flat-Line
Patient Death :red_cross:
Cardiac Output
The volume of blood pumped around the body in a minute (L/Min)
CO=Stroke Vloume(SV) X Heart Rate(HR)
Stroke Volume
The amount of blood pumped from the left ventricle in a single beat
Heart Rate
The amount of times a heart beats per minute
average resting HR is 60 BPM
End Diastolic Volume
The amount of blood in the ventricles after systole
End Systolic Volume
Amount of blood in a ventricle at the end of systole
carry blood
AWAY
from the heart
Mosty Tunica Media
Arterioles
Carry blood to Capillary Beds
Carry Blood
TO
the Heart
Mostly Tunica Externa
Venules
Carry blood from Capilllary Beds
Capillaries
Connect
Arterioles
and
Venuols
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Only Tunica Intima
Between them is the Pericardial Cavity Filled with Pericardial Fluid
GAP JUNCTIONS
QRS Complex Ventricle Depolarization
QR interval- Full depol. through Intrinsic conduction system.
Diastole--->
Diastole---->
AV Valves Open
Isovolumetric Relaxation
SL Valves open, AV Valves Close
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Veins
VS
Arteries