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Geography Homework (Compass Direction on a Map (North, North North East,…
Geography Homework
Erosion: Taken away
Abrasion: The river scrapes its pebbles alone the bed and bank wearing it away
Corrosion/solution: The river water dissolves the rocks in the bed and bank
Attrition: The pebbles in the river smash in to each other becoming smaller and rounder
Hydraulic Action: When the sheer power ability to dislodge rock particles
Weathering: Breaks the rock
Chemical Weathering: When the weak acid in the rain or river water dissolves the rock away
Onion Skin Weathering: When the heating and cooling of rock expands and contracts the rock, causing its outer layers to crack and break away
Biological Weathering: When the roots from trees push into the rock and soil and break it up
Freeze Thaw Weathering: When water gets into cracks, freezes, causing the crack to expand and gradually crumble away
Waves
Destructive waves: large in height, more energy. Strong backwash scours the beach, pulling sand and shingle down the beach. Weak swash: little beach building
Constructive waves: smaller in height, less energy. Weak backwash, little erosion. Strong swash: pushes material up the beach
Fetch: The stronger the wind is, the more time it blows for and the longer the FETCH, the larger the waves will be
Affect the size of a wave: global warming, distance of wave travel, earth quakes, air pressure, activity for ships, strength of the wind, natural disasters, e.g typhoons
Longshore drift
The prevailing wind affects the movement of the wind.
Waves approach the at an angle
The swash moves rock up the beach at an angle
The backwash drags the rock straight down the beach, due to gravity
Slowly the rock moves along the beach
Coasts
The meeting point of land, sea and atmosphere and all three affect the nature of the coastline
Physical Geography
the study of natural events, landscapes and features
Examples: plants, oceans, jungles, trees, hills, rocks, mountains
Environmental Geography
the study of how natural events affect humans and how human activities affects natural environmental
Example: pollution, cars, oil spills, factory's, water pollution, cutting down trees, hurricanes, tornadoes
Human Geography
the study of people and places they might live
Examples: farming, roads, towers, parks lights, shopping malls, cars
Compass Direction on a Map
North
North North East
North East
East North East
East
East South East
South East
South South East
South
South South West
South West
West West South
West
West North West
North West
North North Wesy
Map Symbols
SCH: Schools
A duck
: Nature Reserved
A plus sign
: Place of Worship
Flower - like shape
: Garden
W, - Spr: Well, Spring
A sun - like shape
: View point
PC: Public Convenience
P: Parking
Machines to measure weathers
Cloud Clover:
MEASURED IN OKTAS
Wind Speed:
ANEMOMETER
Wind Direction:
WEATHER VANE
Amount of Rainfall:
RAIN GAUGE
Hours of Sunlight:
SUNSHINE RECORDER
Air Pressure (HIGH PRESSURE=air sinking from the atmosphere - LOW PRESSURE=air rising up into the atmosphere)
BAROMETER
Food Chain
Predators (nothing can hurt it
Tertiary consumer
Secondary consumer
Primary Consumer
Producer (creates the energy from photosynthesis)
The broken nutrient cycle
No canopy, no leaves
No leaf litter
Loss of nutrients into the soil
Vegetation does not grow back
Soil becomes poor infertile
Igneous Rock
Formed when molten magma or lava cools slowly. This forms crystals. The crystals are larger if the rock cools more slowly
Examples: Obsidian, Basalt, Pumice, Granite
Sedimentary Rock
Formed when rocks which have been weathered, eroded and deposited on the sea-bed are cemented and compacted to form new rocks that show layers
Examples: Limestone, Sandstone, Mudstone, Chalk
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous or sedimentary rocks undergo a change when they get pushed down under continental plates. The heat and pressure changes then into new rocks
Examples: Gneiss, Marble
Fossils
An animal or plants dies. It falls onto the mud or sand.
More mud or sand buries the body
Soft parts of the body rot away. Bones and teeth remains
The mud or sand becomes rock. Hard minerals may replace the hard parts of the body
Later rocks around the body wear away (erode). The fossils is exposed
Road Building's impact on Amazon's ecosystem
Trees are cut down and a road is built
The area become more accessible
People migrate to the area
Other large scale developments such as mining/lodging/dam building come to the area
More trees are cut down
There is no vegetation to intercept the rain from hitting the groung
The soil is washed away (erosion)
The nutrient cycle is broken and and so the soil becomes infertile
It is difficult to grow crops
Structure of the Earth
Inner Core
Outer Core
Mantle - the zone where magma (melted rock) is created
Crust - Where magma comes out onto the surface of the Earth is Lava
If its the same color then that means its linked
Orange: type of geography
Purple: Weather and Climate
Dark Blue: Rocks and Earth
Yellow: Map Skills
Red: Environment