Science Basics
Scientific method
form a hypothesis
test the hypothesis
gather the information
analyze data
State the problem
draw conclusions
what background information do you have about the subject?
what questions are you trying to answer?
find additional information
research what has already been examined or studied
should be an if...then...because... statement
should be testable
based on hypothesis, create experiment
Identify constants, control group, and experimental group(s) with independent and dependent variables
list out all materials needed
list step by step procedure
charts and graphs
any other results gathered are also analyzed here
interpret data
accept or reject hypothesis
clear and specific enough for someone else to follow
experiment revision
explanation included
Experiments
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Control Group
Controlled Variables
Experimental group
-All variables kept the same EXCEPT ONE
-All groups (variables) kept the same
-Used as a baseline or a standard for comparison
-Variable intentionally changed
-Variable that changes as a result
-Variable that changes as a result
Metric System
Graphing
Bar Graph
-A chart or graph that shows categorized data with rectangular bars with heights or lengths proportional to the values they represent
Pie Chart
-a circular statistical graphic that is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportion
Line Graph
-a type of chart which displays information as a series of data points called 'markers' connected by straight line segments
Converting in the Metric
-identify the unit that you have, the unit that you want to convert to, and then count the number of units between them. If you are going from a larger unit to a smaller unit, you multiply by 10
Metric Prefixes
-a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or fraction of the unit
Unit Conversions
-a multi-step process that involves multiplication/division by a numerical factor, selection of the correct number of significant digits, and rounding
Moving the Decimal
-Multiplying/dividing by 10 by moving the decimal to its respective side
Measurements
-the assignment of a number to a characteristic of an object or event that can be compared with other objects or events
science reports
scientific theory
scientific model
scientific law
lab reports
-Description of an observed pattern found in nature
-Ex: Newton's law of gravity
-May be accepted by scientists but…
-Explanation of a pattern found in nature
-Representation that makes it easier to understand an object or event that is difficult to observe directly
-Scientists must critique and revise models
-Allow us to record and share how we used the scientific method to investigate a question or problem
-Aren’t set in stone
-Can be revised or replaced