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New Phenomenological model to Holdup and pressure gradient predictions…
New Phenomenological model to Holdup and pressure gradient predictions
Introduction
Flow of two immiscible liquids
Present in
Flow patterns
Stratified flow pattern
Closure relations proposed recently
Problems with the predictions and overestimated
Interfacial wave and contact angle
Wavy stratified flow pattern
Lack of experimental data
Data sets that have been used
Pressure gradient and holdup
Accurate predictions are crucial
Empirical correlations
Limited and uncertain
Experimental
Setup and flow rates
Figure and table
Configurations
Flow and liquids characteristics
Collected data
Only stratified flow with no dispersion whatsoever at the interface was considered
Table and figure
Uncertainties of the measured
Experimental uncertainties
CFD simulations
ANSYS CFX
Mesh and boundary conditions
Two-fluid model
Wavy stratified flow pattern
K-e
Drag coefficient of 0.44
Computation time
Observed interfacial waves
Phenomenological model
One-dimensional steady-state wavy stratified liquid–liquid flow in a horizontal or inclined pipe
Neglecting Droplet entrainment
Constant-curvature-arc model
Shear stresses
Validation of the phenomenological model and discussion
Comparison with models
CFD
1-D two-fluid mode
Homogeneous model
Graphics
Conclusions
Flow patterns observed
New data of holdup
New data of Pressure gradient
Suggested a new closure relation for the interfacial friction factor
A new equation for the cross-sectional interface shape was suggested
The phenomenological model was validated