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The modern period (The discovery of America (America before the arrival of…
The modern period
The discovery of America
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Columbus plan
With the experience and knowledge ,Columbus formulated his plan to look for a new route to A sia: he would sail to the west ,avoiding Africa
Portuguese discoveries
At the beginning of the 15th century was the greatest power in terms of geographical.The Portuguese also stablished trading posts on the African coast.Portuguese maritime exploration was supportd by particularly Henry the Navigator.Portuguese expansion began with the conquest of Ceuta.
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Humanism and Renaissence
Humanism was a cultural movement that first began in the 14th century.Humanists developed an anthropocentric world view as an altenative to the God-centred world view of medieval Christians.
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The spread of knowledge
Printing press
Humanist ideas and knowledge was apidly spread in modern period than in Middle Ages ,when knowledge was sprea through book written by hand mostly. Around 1440 Johannes Gutenberg invnted the movable-type printing press.
Scientific knowledge
Duringthe Renaissence thinkers and academics became interested in understanding the world .They revived the scientic method used in Ancient Greece where the study of nature was based on observation and expreimentation.
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The Renaissance in Italy
Painting
Renaissence painters made many advances in painting techniques ,as they tried to produce very realistic pictures.There were also a wider variety of themes :mythology,allegory,history and portraits.
The illsuion of depth, balanced ,harmonious compositions , proportions ,the use of light
Sculpture
Renaissence sculpture continued to be influenced by Gothic naturalism ,but its main influence was classical sculpture.
The use of variety of materials especially marble,bronze and wood , New themes , Form: sculptures in the round and reliefs , The pursuit of beauty
Architecture
Buildings characterised by harmonious form, a return to a classical structural elements: Columns imitating Ancient Greek and Roman design.The growth of civil architecture