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Pacemakers (Preop history (Establish whether pt has PPM/ICD, why inserted,…
Pacemakers
Preop history
Establish whether pt has PPM/ICD, why inserted
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Determine if the patient is device dependent for anti-brady pacing function, symptoms if device malfunction
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Intraop management
Aims
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Performing emergency defib, cardioversion or HR support
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Managing sources of EMI
Electrocautery
Ensure cautery tool and current return pad are positioned so the current pathway does not pass through or near the PPM and leads
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Use short, intermittent, irregular bursts at the lowest feasible energy levels
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Lithotripsy
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If lithotripsy triggers on R wave, atrial pacing may need to be disabled before the procedure
MRI
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If absolutely necessary, consult a cardiologist
ECT
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ICD functions should be disabled, but be prepared to treat ventricular arrhythmias that occur secondary to ECT
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Preop Optimisation
Device
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Pharma optimisation: BB, diuretic,, ACEi, correction arrhythmia triggers
If possibly dependent on device for ventricular synchrony, asynchronous pacing only if absolutely necessary
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Indications for AICD
Primary precvention
Patients with IHD, previous MI and LVEF <30%
Patients with NYHA, Class 2 or 3 HF and LVEF < 35%
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